In the spring of 1938, the FVA was invited to participate in the development of a glider that should be flown by all participants at the Olympic Games 1940 in which the glider was initially provided as an Olympic discipline. Two test machines should provisionally be built, which had to be completed by January 1, 1939.
Because of the heavy time and performance pressure FVA decided just to build the FVA-13 VI in Aachen and in parallel, the V2 by FAG Darmstadt.
Herbert Kaulbach detailed in his thesis the general design and the construction of the hull.
The following extracts are taken from the thesis of Herbert Kaulbach, which he made with Prof. Wieselsberger and presented the original copy to the archive of the FVA.
“General Guidelines”
The task is: It is to design a glider that meets the guidelines for the Olympic unit glider. In following these guidelines will be briefly summarized as You Sans Vol Moteur 1938 were drawn up by the Commission. Following the decisions of the International Olympic Committee aerobatics competitions are not allowed in the Olympic Games. Taking into account the planned tender, which provides goal -haul flights from 70-100km, a glider is to be considered, which could be in terms of performance compared with the conventional glider pattern Rhön- buzzard. The Olympic unit Glider therefore needs to be a high-performance machine. Nevertheless, many gliders are present, corresponding to these Bedingzingen, it was decided by the Commission, according to very specific aspects of a new Olympic machine to create. All interested nations to construct an Olympic – glider to February 1939 prescribed conditions. These aircraft will be presented in flight in February 1939 in Rome. On this occasion, a commission of engineers and such pilots will select the best machine and determine the future Olympic machine.
The plans prepared by the CVSM guidelines that must be taken into account in the design of the aircraft, are as follows:
- Span 15m
- consistency of the material : steel, plywood and pine
- The machine should be able to get yourself some time floating on the water.
- dive brakes, limit the maximum speed in a dive to 200 km / h.
- When setting up the driver’s seat, it must be of a size of the pilot of 1.80 m.
- Hull with skid without chassis
- Driver seat with back parachute
- Äßre cab width 600 mm
- Empty weight 160 kg maximum
- 95 kg payload. If necessary, the load must be added to 95 kg through the attachment of weights. The secure attachment of Zuladungsgewichten is therefore berücksichligen at the design stage.
Justification of the draft
The above guidelines and the shortness of the resources available for development, design and construction of the aircraft time make it appear necessary to establish nothing fundamentally new, but to provide a reference to an existing pattern that has especially good flying characteristics. When comparing fly is ultimately be crucial if a machine is intended for Olympic machine unit, less on performance than the flying characteristics. It therefore seems pointless at design time to lose by hiring considerations, by any means, the choice of special profiles, or the like. Can achieve the best performance. Rather, I consider it one of the basic requirements, an existing pattern recognition as I said flying capacity to investigate even as all aspects out, ie firstly to provide a mathematically perfect base and secondly to identify the simplest and most expedient in terms of structure . Since the machine may need to be copied by all the participating nations, proper drawing pad with parts lists, numbering, subdivision into modules, etc. is essential. The price for each machine in series production is expected to amount to approximately 2,500 RM.
This price also requires an intent on extreme simplicity design. A wing monoplane design brings experience, a significant additional work as a result of the complicated fuselage wing transition, where this does not elaborate creations deal, especially since the use of light metal electron or duralumin, with its use could provide cheap these transitions with fitted manufacture else, due to the condition 2 is not allowed. The simplest type, in this case, the high-decker, as the neck can be trained so that the blade is tight everywhere.
As the glider FVA -9 has the aforementioned recognized good flight characteristics, the design of this pattern bezgl. Airfoils, wings outline and high position of the rudder leaning to one another. The new draft, however, in contrast to the pattern FVA-9, which is braced, a self-supporting surface before mounting. Since the machine is said to have particularly good maneuverability, was required in the benefit calculation, at least to reach the rotational speed of the FVA-9 and get hold as far as possible to that of the 10 – FVA . More details to follow in the design specifications.
The draft stipulates : an empty weight of 120 kg. This heavier than the pattern FVA-9 (95kg)is the counterbalance design and the stringent strength requirements that are set for the Olympic unit gliders from the Commission related. To keep the landing speed in normal limits , 45 km / h and the surface load less than 15 kg / m was maintained, and elected to G / F = 14.8 kg / m² . This results in an area of F = 14.5 m².
To get mathematically correct documentation, a model was made and measured in the wind tunnel of the Aerodynamic Institute of Aachen.
In order to do proper research regarding workshop excessive production, a dummy was built, which makes it possible to determine the cheapest Beplankungsart of the forward fuselage part practical and to make the installation of the driver’s seat as low as possible and continue to answer questions of the incorporation of control organs, etc. of material importance.
The outline of the wing to the pattern of the already executed FVA-9 adapt to a large extent. In the middle part of the wing outline is rectangular and decreases towards outward straight off. The depth of the fuselage is 1.22 m and remains in constant distance 2.75 m. From 2,75 m depth tapers to them at the end of the wing = 0.44 m. The taper ratio is therefore 0.363. This ratio has been reported in a paper by Koning and Boelen as the best. The wing tip is then completed by wingtip. “
In contrast to the FVA-9, at the design the FVA-13 leaned, for a cantilever surface mounting. For mounting reasons you chose them unbalanced, ie, the left wing was attached to the hull, but the right wing was attached to this projecting stub outside of the hull.
After the construction of the “Olympic dinghy” then weighed 156 kg, and the load was exactly 95 kg. The International Commisssion selected from the three received from Germany constructors, the “Olympic tit” by DFS, so the two FVA-13 VI and V2 were in the team possession. They were destroyed in the war as well as other machines.
Since the 1940 Olympics not held because of the outbreak of war, was also the “Olympia Meise” their original purpose no longer meet. However, it was present in large numbers at home and abroad and built after the war (in France under the name 2000.
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