Piper PA-28R Arrow / Embraer EMB-711 Corisco / Chincul PA-28 Cherokee Arrow

PA28R-200 Arrow II

While the Arrow might look like a Cherokee and the design is almost identical, it does differ in being a retractable undercarriage four-seater powered by a 180 or 200 hp engine. First flown on 1 February 1967, sales began slowly in 1967, gaining impetus when the 200 hp version was introduced two years later. In 1969 Piper made available an optional PA-28-200R Cherokee Arrow with a 149kW IO-360-C1C engine.

Piper Cherokee 180R N4646J

The 1976 Arrow II evolved from the original 180 hp model built and introduced in 1967 with a useful load of 1120 lbs. 20 more hp were added in 1969, upping the useful load to 1119 lbs. and the service ceiling by 1700 ft. to a maximum of 17,000. Improvements came year by year with significant changes in 1980 (longer fuselage and wider door), 1977 the new wing with tapered outer sections (as the Arrow II) and in 1979 a T-Tail. 2,850 were built.

Although Piper retained the Lycoming IO 360 for the normally aspirated Arrow III (491 built), they redesigned the cowling of the Turbo Arrow III (793 built) to accommodate the Continental TSIO-360 F, a slightly modified version of the Seneca II’s six cylinder engine. The turbocharged Continental brings considerable added performance to the Arrow. In addition to producing full power to 12,000 feet and 75 percent to the aircraft’s maximum approved operating altitude of 20,000 feet, the engine is rated at 200 hp with its exhaust system in place. This additional power allowed Piper to up the Turbo Arrow III’s gross to 2,900 pounds compared with 2,750 pounds for the normally aspirated Arrow III and 2,650 pounds for the Arrow II.

1978 Piper Arrow 3

The turbocharged Continental gives the Turbo Arrow III a 10 to 25 knot true airspeed advantage over the normally aspirated Arrow III when both aircraft are operating at their best altitudes at roughly equivalent power settings. Producing approximately 75 percent power at 10,000 feet, the Turbo Arrow will cruise at 154 knots; 143 knots is the best the straight Arrow III can do at 75 percent. Top speed for the turbocharged Piper is 178 knots at 14,000 feet, while for the Arrow III, it’s 152 knots at sea level.

The Turbo Arrow III’s semi tapered wing improves the aircraft’s takeoff, climb and altitude performance. Although the new wing has the same surface area as the wing on older Arrows (170 square feet), the area of the Arrow III’s new mainplane and the lift it generates are distributed over a longer span. Also, more lift is produced along the main portion of the wing, where the adverse effect of the wingtip vortices is not felt. The geometric difference between the old and new Arrow wings is expressed in their aspect ratios: 6.02 for the old Arrow and 7.21 for the Arrow III. The positive effect of the Turbo Arrow III’s longer span and better lift distribution is about 20 percent less induced drag.

1978 Piper Arrow 3

The new wing also enhances the Turbo Arrow III’s roll control. The ailerons are long¬er, and the tapered wing responds well to their influence, even though these ailerons are not the nicely balanced Frise type used on the original Warrior wing. In the interest of manufacturing simplicity, and since there was very little deterioration in roll performance, Piper returned to the old simple hinged aileron that they used on the original Cherokee models.

Each of these major developments received a distinctive title such as Arrow IV for the T-tailed version.

Piper Arrow IV

Production continued after nearly 7000 Arrows had been delivered by 1988.

The Piper Arrow project was licensed in the 1970s to be manufactured in Brazil by Brazilian manufacturer Embraer and later years later by its subsidiary Neiva and the project was renamed Corisco by Embraer in Brazil. At that time there was a strong interest of the Brazilian Government to stimulate the Brazilian aeronautical industry and executive air transport in Brazil and other Piper projects were also licensed for manufacturing in Brazil.

Embraer EMB-711 Corisco

The Embraer Corisco, in all its versions, managed to establish itself for about two decades in the Brazilian market, with almost 480 units sold.

Embraer EMB-711 Corisco

An improved version of the Embraer Corisco, manufactured from the 1980s by Embraer and Neiva as EMBRAER EMB-711 ST Corisco Turbo was manufactured in Brazil. The Embraer Corisco Turbo is a modernized version of the modest Embraer Corisco, with a few touches of sophistication and refinement, including turbocharger, variable pitch propeller, retractable landing gear, improved sound insulation, leather seats, among other items.

Chincul SACAIFI manufactured aircraft under license from Piper Aircraft Corporation. The company was a wholly owned subsidiary of “La Macarena S.A.”, Piper’s Argentine agent. Production included 960 PA-28 Cherokee.

Chincul-built PA-28 Arrow

Gallery

PA28-180S Arrow
Engine: 180hp Lycoming O-360-A3A
Length: 23’6
Speed: 152 mph
Range: 845 mi

PA28-180 Cherokee Arrow I
Engine: 180hp Lycoming IO-360-B1E
Useful load: 1120 lb
Max speed: 170 mph
Cruise: 162 mph
Range: 995 mi
Ceiling: 15,000′

PA-28R-200 Arrow
Engine: Lycoming IO-360-C1C6, 200 hp
TBO: 2000 hr
Fuel type: 100/100LL
Propeller: McCauley CS
Landing gear type: Tri/Retr.
Gross weight: 2750 lb
Landing weight: 2750 lb
Empty weight, std: 1790 lb
Useful load, std: 960 lb
Payload, full std. fuel: 572 lb
Usable fuel: 72 USgal
Oil capacity: 8 qt
Wingspan: 35 ft. 5 in
Overall length: 24 ft. 8 in
Height: 7 ft. 10 in
Wing area: 170 sq. ft
Wing loading: 16.18 lbs./sq. ft
Power loading: 13.75 lbs./hp
Wheel base: 7 ft. 10 in
Wheel track: 10 ft. 6 in
Wheel size: 6.00 x 6
Seating capacity: 4
Cabin doors: 1
Cabin width: 41 in
Cabin height: 45 in
Baggage capacity: 200 lb
Cruise speed 75% power @ 6,000 ft.: 137 kt
Max range (w/ res) 55% power @ 9,000 ft: 880 nm
Fuel consumption (.42 lbs./hp/hr. @ sfc) 75% power: 10.5 USgph
Stall speed (flaps up): 60 kt
Stall speed (flaps down): 55 kt
Best rate of climb (SL): 831 fpm
Service ceiling: 16,200 ft
Takeoff over 50-ft. obstacle: 1600 ft
Landing over 50-ft. obstacle: 1520 ft

PA28R-200 Arrow II
Engine: Lycoming IO-360-C1C, 200 hp
Wingspan: 32 ft 0 in / 9.75 m
Length: 24 ft 7.25 in / 7.50 m
Empty weight: 1517 lb / 688 kg
MTOW: 2650 lb / 1202 kg
Useful load: 1133 lb
Equipped payload (750 miles fuel, 75 % power): 730 lb
Cruise (75% pwr): 165 mph / 143 kt / 266 kph
Stall speed (Vso): 64 mph
ROC: 900 fpm / 274 m/min
Service ceiling: 15,000 ft / 4575 m
Range (max fuel, 75% pwr): 740 sm / 642 nm / 1191 km
Seats: 4
Baggage capacity: 200 lb / 90.7 kg
Cabin width (elbow to elbow): 42.0in

PA28R-201 Arrow III
Engine: Lycoming IO 360 C1C6, 200 hp
TBO: 1,600 hr
Prop: constant speed, two blade, 74 in dia
Length: 27 ft
Height: 8 ft 3 in
Wingspan: 35 ft 5 in
Wing area: 170 sq.ft
Max ramp wt: 2,750 lb
Max takeoff wt: 2,750 lb
Std empty wt: 1,627 lb
Max useful load: 1,123 lb
Max landing wt: 2,750 lb
Wing loading: 16.2 lb/sq.ft
Power loading: 13.7 lb/hp
Max usable fuel: 72 USG/432 lb
Max ROC @ SL: 831 fpm
Max ROC @ 8,000 ft: 480 fpm
Max operating alt: 17,000 ft
Max speed: 152 kt
Max cruise, 75 % power (2,400 rpm) at 6,500 ft: 143 kt
Cruise, 65 % pwr at 8,000 ft: 131 kt
Fuel flow 65 % pwr: 9.2 USG/hr
Endurance at 65 % pwr, no res: 7.5 hr
Econ cruise, 55% power at 13,000 ft: 122 kt
Duration at max cruise: 6.7 hr
Duration at econ cruise: 8.5 hr
Stalling speed, clean: 60 kt
Stalling speed, flaps dn: 55 kt
Turbulent air penetration speed: 121 kt.

PA28R-201 Turbo Arrow III
Engine: Continental TSIO 360 E, 200 hp
TBO: 1,400 hr
Propeller: Hartzell Constant speed, 76 in. diameter
Length: 25 ft
Height: 7 ft. 10 in
Wingspan: 35 ft. 5 in
Airfoil: NACA 652415
Aspect ratio: 7.21
Wing area: 170 sq.ft
Wing loading: 17.1 lb/sq.ft
Power loading: 14.5 lb/hp
Seats: 4
Gross weight: 2,900 lbs
Empty weight: 1,910 lb
Useful load: 990 lb
Payload with full fuel: 528 lb
Fuel capacity: 77 USG/462 lbs
Baggage area: 24 cu.ft
Baggage capacity: 200 lb
Minimum runway requirement: 1,620 ft
Rate of climb: 940 fpm
Service ceiling: 20,000 ft
Maximum level speed: 178 knots
Maximum cruise (75 % @ 18,800 ft.): 172 knots
Economy cruise (55 % @ 20,000 ft.): 154 knots
Range @. maximum cruise (45 min res): 675 nm
Range @ economy cruise (45 min res): 860 nm
Duration @ maximum cruise (no res): 6.5 hr
Duration @.economy cruise (no res): 8.3 hr
Maneuvering speed: 121 knots
Stall speed (clean): 63 knots
Stall speed (gear, flaps down): 58 knots

Engine: Continental TSIO 360 F, 200 hp
TBO: 1,400 hr
Prop: two blade, constant speed, 76 inch diameter
Length: 24 ft. 8in
Height: 7 ft. 10 in
Wingspan: 35 ft. 5 in
Wing area: 170 sq.ft
Wing loading: 17 lb/sq.ft
Power loading: 14.5 lb/hp
Seats: 4
Empty weight: 1,815 lb
Useful load: 1,085 lb
Payload with full fuel: 653 lb
Gross weight: 2,900 lb
Usable fuel capacity: 72 USG/432 lb
Maximum rate of climb: 940 fpm
Service ceiling: 20,000 ft
Maximum speed: 178 kt
Max cruise, 75% power (2,575 rpm) at 19,000 ft: 172 kt
Econ cruise, 55 % power at 20,000 ft: 154 kt
Duration at max cruise: 6.2 hr
Duration at econ cruise: 8.1 hr
Stalling speed, clean: 63 kt
Stalling speed, full flaps: 57 kt

Piper PA-28RT-201T Turbo Arrow
Engine: 1 x Teledyne Continental TSIO-360-FB, 149kW
TBO: 1800 hours / 6 Years
Propeller: HARTZELL PHC-C3YF-1RF
Max take-off weight: 1315 kg / 2899 lb
Empty weight: 767 kg / 1691 lb
Wingspan: 10.8 m / 35 ft 5 in
Length: 8.33 m / 27 ft 4 in
Height: 2.52 m / 8 ft 3 in
Wing area: 15.79 sq.m / 169.96 sq ft
Max. speed: 330 km/h / 205 mph
Ceiling: 6095 m / 20000 ft
Range: 1665 km / 1035 miles

Piper 1978 PA-28R-201T Turbo Arrow III
Engine: Continental TSIO-360F, 200 hp
TBO: 1400 hr
Propeller: Const. spd.
Landing: Tri/Retr.
Gross weight: 2900 lb
Empty weight, std.: 1663 lb
Useful load, std: 1237 lb
Fuel: 72 Usgal
Wingspan: 35 ft
Overall length: 25 ft
Height: 8 ft
Wing area: 170 sq. ft
Seating capacity: 4
Cabin width: 41.5 in
Cabin height: 49 in
Baggage capacity: 200 lb
Cruise speed 75% power: 172kt
Cruise speed 65% power: 167 kt
Max range (w/ res) 75% power: 760 nm
Max range (w/ res) 65% power: 830 nm
Fuel consumption 75% power: 12 USgph
Fuel consumption 65% power: 10.8 USgph
Stall speed (gear, flaps down): 57.5 kt
Best rate of climb: 940 fpm
Service ceiling: 20,000 ft
Takeoff ground roll: 1110 ft
Landing ground roll: 645 ft

PA28R-201 Arrow IV
Engine: 1 x Lycoming IO-360-C1C6, 200 hp
TBO: 1600 hr
Prop: Hartzell 2 blade, constant speed 76 in
Seats: 4
Length: 27 ft
Height: 8.3 ft
Wingspan: 35.4 ft
Wing area: 170 sq.ft
Wing aspect ratio: 7.2
Max ramp wt: 2750 lb
Max take off wt: 2750 lb
Standard empty wt: 1637 lb
Max useful load: 1113 lb
Max landing wt: 2750 lb
Wing loading: 16.2 lbs/sq.ft
Power loading: 13.8 lbs/hp
Max useable fuel: 432 lb
Climb rate: 831 fpm @ 87 kt
Climb gradient: 573 ft/nm
Rate of climb @ 8000 ft: 440 fpm
Service ceiling; 17,000 ft
Max speed: 149 kts
Cruise @ 65% power @ 8,000ft: 131 kt
Fuel flow @ 65% power @ 8,000ft: 58 pph
Endurance @ 65% power @ 8,000ft: 7.2 hr
Stalling speed clean: 58 kt
Stall speed flaps/gear down: 53 kt
Turbulent air penetration speed: 121 kt
Retractable undercarriage

2005 New Piper Arrow IV
Base price: $292,400
Engine: Lycoming IO-360-C1C6, 200 hp
TBO: 2000 hr
Fuel type: 100/100LL
Propeller type: McCauley CS
Landing gear: Tri./Retr
Max ramp weight: 2758 lb
Gross weight: 2750 lb
Landing weight: 2750 lb
Empty weight, std: 1787 lb
Useful load, std: 971 lb
Usable fuel, std: 72 USG
Payload, full std. fuel: 539 lb
Oil capacity: 8 qt
Wingspan: 35 ft. 5 in
Overall length: 24 ft. 8 in
Height: 7 ft. 10 in
Wing area: 170 sq. ft
Wing loading: 16.2 lbs./sq.ft
Power loading: 13.8 lbs./hp
Wheel size: 6.00 x 6
Seating capacity: 4
Cabin doors: 1
Cabin width: 41 in
Cabin height: 45 in
Cruise speed, 75%: 137 kt
Fuel consumption, 75%: 10.6 USgph
Vso: 53 kt
Max range, 55%: 880 nm
Best rate of climb, SL: 831 fpm
Service ceiling: 16,200 ft
Takeoff over 50-ft obstacle: 1600 ft
Landing over 50-ft. obstacle: 1520 ft

PA28RT-201T Turbo Arrow IV
First built: 1978
Engine: 1 x Continental TSIO-360-FB, 200 hp
TBO: 1800 hrs
Fuel; 100 Octane.
Prop: Hartzell 2 blade, constant speed 76 in
Seats: 4
Length: 27.3 ft
Height: 8.3 ft
Wingspan: 35.4 ft
Wing area: 170 sq.ft
Wing aspect ratio: 7.2
Max ramp wt: 2912 lb
Max take off wt: 2900 lb
Standard empty wt: 1896 lb
Max useful load: 1004 lb
Payload (Full std Fuel); 497 lb
Baggage Capacity; 200 lbs / 24 cu.ft.
Max landing wt: 2900 lb
Wing loading: 17 lbs/sq.ft
Power loading: 14.5 lbs/hp
Fuel Capacity (std); 77 US gal
Usable Fuel; 72 US gals. / 432 lb
Climb rate: 940 fpm @ 97 kt
Climb gradient: 581 ft/nm
Rate of climb @ 8000 ft: 850 fpm
Certificated ceiling; 20,000 ft
Max speed: 178 kt
Cruise @ 65% power @ 8,000ft: 140 kts
Cruise @ 65% power @ 18,000ft: 161 kts
Cruise Best Economy Power 75% 19,000 ft: 168 kts
Cruise Best Economy Power 65% 20,000 ft: 164 kts
Cruise Best Economy Power 55% 20,000 ft: 152 kts
Max Range 55% pwr (with res, best economy); 780 nm
Max Range 65% pwr (with res, best economy); 830 nm
Max Range 55% pwr (with res, best economy); 860 nm
Fuel Consumption 75%: 14.0 US Gal/hr
Fuel Consumption 65%: 12.7 US Gal/hr
Fuel Consumption 55%: 11.0 US Gal/hr
Fuel flow @ 65% power @ 18,000ft: 76 pph
Endurance @ 65% power @ 18,000ft: 5.5 hr
Stalling speed clean: 66 kts
Stall speed flaps/gear down: 61 kt
Turbulent air penetration speed: 121 kt
Retractable undercarriage
Wheel base; 7 ft 10 in
Wheel Track; 10 ft 6 in
Wheel Size; 6.00 x 6 in
Cabin Doors; 1
Cabin Width; 42 in
Cabin Height; 46 in
Take-off Ground Roll; 1110 ft
Take-off Over 50ft; 1620 ft
Landing Ground Roll; 645 ft
Landing over 50 ft; 1555 ft

Cherokee Arrow II

Piper PA-27 Aztec

Aztec 260

Basically an improved Apache, the Aztec was a full six-seater and had more powerful engines (250 hp) than the Apache. The first models were later named Aztec A. A major change came in 1962 with the introduction of the Aztec B, which had a lengthened nose giving the Aztec a completely different look from its Apache fore¬runner. Improvements were made year by year and the models were given letters until 1976 when the Aztec F was marketed. By then the Aztec had longer “tiger shark” shaped engine nacelles and an even longer and sharper nose. When production ceased in 1981 a total of 4929 Aztecs had been built.

Aztec F
Engines: Lycoming TIO 540 ClA, 250 hp
Props: two blade, constant speed, full feathering 77 in dia
Length: 31 ft. 3 in
Height: 10ft. 1 in
Wingspan: 37 ft. 4 in
Wing area: 207 sq. ft
Max takeoff weight: 5,200 lb
Standard empty weight: 3,319 lb
Max useful load: 1881 lb
Max landing weight: 4,940 lb
Max zero fuel weight: 4,500 lb
Power loading: 10.4 lbs/hp
Wing loading: 25.1 lbs/sq.ft
Max usable fuel: 177 gals./ 1,062 lb
Max rate of climb, sea level: 1,480 fpm
Max rate of climb, 8,000 feet: 1,330 fpm
Certificated ceiling: 24,000 ft
Single engine rate of climb, sea level: 226 fpm
Single engine climb gradient: 154 ft. per nm
Single engine service ceiling: 13,250 ft
Max speed: 210 kts
Cruise, normal at 8,000 ft: 116 kts
Cruise, normal at 18,000 ft: 191 kts
Fuel flow at normal cruise: 29.3 gph
Endurance at normal cruise, no res: 5.8hrs
Stalling speed, clean, power off: 60 kts
Stalling speed, flaps down, power off: 67 kts
Turbulent air penetration speed: 131 kts

Piper

After being an investor in and later treasurer of that Bradford firm the Taylor Broth¬ers Aircraft Company a local oilman named William T. Piper bought the company at a bankruptcy sale for $761. It was 1930, and C. Gilbert Taylor, the former company’s designer and only surviving partner, was given half in¬terest in the new company, which he called the Taylor Aircraft Company.

About the time the J 2 rolled out, so did C.G. Taylor. There had been friction between Taylor and Piper for some time, so Taylor left and Jamouneau took over as chief engineer.

The company was beginning to see some improve¬ment in its always precarious financial situation, and then, in 1937, the plant burned down. By 1937 the company was producing 18 aircraft a week, but fire destroyed the facility on St.Patrick’s Day that year. It was a severe financial blow to the company and to William T. Piper. But instead of being an excuse to quit, the fire only in¬creased Piper’s determination to prove his point. Refi¬nancing was arranged, the name was changed to Piper Aircraft Company, and J 2 production was resumed in a vacant two storey Susquehanna silk mill conveniently located next to the Lock Haven, Pennsylvania airport. That same year, Piper assumed the presidency of the firm, making official a situation that had existed informally since the early 1930s.

In recog¬nition of Walter Jamouneau’s contribution to the E 2, subsequent models were called the J 2 and J 3.

The PA 11 followed next in the Cub line, and the PA 18 Super Cub with essentially the same structural and aerodynamic con¬figuration as the 1932 E 2 continued.

Initial production type was the Cub two-seat high-wing monoplane, of which 10,000 had been completed before the end of 1941.

Piper’s major contribution to the military in World War 2 was not, as often assumed, the Cub liaison and trainer, but steel radar masts.

In 1948 Piper took over the Stinson Division of Consolidated Vultee Aircraft Corporation and acquired the Stinson Voyager production rights, but production of this type was soon halted.

Piper’s first twin was the four-seat Apache, which entered production in 1954. The later four-seat single-engine Comanche first flew in 1956. A whole line of light aircraft has followed the original Cub, from the Pacer/Tri-Pacer/Colt series of high-wing monoplanes to their successors, the Cherokee low-wing series, first of which flew in 1960. Piper produced the specialized Pawnee agricultural monoplane in 1959.

William T. Piper died in 1970.

A series of twins developed from the Apache to Aztec, Twin Comanche, Seneca, and Navajo, plus other aircraft such as single-engined PA-38 Tomahawk. Company became subsidiary of Bangor Punta Corporation, then Lear Siegler Inc (1984), and later Romeo Charlie Inc (1987), finally with only Cheyenne and Malibu Mirage offered, but became insolvent early 1990s, though reduced-rate production continued while a buyer was sought.

The New Piper Aircraft Inc restarted production of Warrior, Archer, Arrow, Dakota, Saratoga and Seneca models at Vero Beach in June 1987 following the sale of the 50 year old aircraft company to Stuart Millar in May.

Pioneer International Aircraft Flightstar / Flight Designs 440ST

The machine has been developed by Flight Designs, an associate of Pioneer International Corporation and the firm which builds and sells the single seat Jetwing ATV, as well as conducting a research programme on a prototype single seat three axis machine designated 440ST However, at the start of 1983, Andrew N Bohjalian, group president, announced that production and sales of the FlightStar would be taken over by a new associate company called Pioneer International Aircraft. The Pioneer group is well known for its activities in aerospace industry, and includes the Pioneer Parachute Company, which is one of the world leaders in its field. So it is not surprising to find that the FlightStar has been designed from the start to accommodate an emergency 29.0 ft diameter (8.84 m) parachute, which is deployed ballistically and fitted behind the pilot at the rear of the frame.

Pioneer Flightstar / Flight Designs 440 Article

The aircraft is sold as a complete kit requiring 20 h for assembly and at a price of $7495 in 1983. Apart from the parachute, options offered are floats, skis, wheel fairings, electric starter for the Kawasaki TA440A engine, larger diameter wheels (16 and 20 inch, 41 and 51 cm), transport covers and an instrument panel.

The Flight Designs 440 ST was a single seat single engined high wing monoplane with conventional three axis control. Wing has unswept leading edge, swept forward trailing edge and tapering chord; two fin tail. Pitch control by elevator on tail; yaw control by fin mounted rudders; roll control by spoilers; control inputs through stick for pitch/roll and pedals for yaw. Wing braced from above by kingpost and cables, from below by cables. Undercarriage has three wheels in tricycle formation. Aluminium tube framework, without pod. Engine mounted at wing height driving pusher propeller.

This single seat twin¬-boom, twin rudder aircraft exists only as a prototype in 1982, and was being used at Flight Designs to study the flight envelope of such machines.

Single seat single engined high wing mono¬plane with conventional three axis control. Wing has unswept leading edge, swept for¬ward trailing edge and tapering chord; conventional tail. Pitch control by elevator on tail; yaw control by fin mounted rudder; roll control by full span ailerons; control inputs through stick for pitch/roll and pedals for yaw. Wing braced from below by struts; wing profile; double surface. Undercarriage has three wheels in tricycle formation, with additional tailskid; bungee suspension on all wheels. Flush right go right nosewheel steering connected to yaw control. Aluminium tube framework, with optional pod. Engine mounted at wing height driving tractor propeller.

Shown at Oshkosh in August 1982, the prototype FlightStar made its first flights during that summer. It carried trapezoidal planform ailerons, whose chord tapered toward the wing tips and which covered a little less than the full span of each wing, but these have been replaced for the production machines by full span ailerons. In addition, the production FlightStar, on show at Sun ‘n’ Fun in Lakeland, Florida in March 1983, was fitted with a glass fibre pod with a windscreen mounted on top and going right up to the strut carrying the wing.

440 ST
Engine: Kawasaki TA440A, 38.5 hp at 6000 rpm
Power per unit area 0.26hp/sq.ft, 2.9hp/sq.m
Fuel capacity 5.0 US gal, 4.2 Imp gal, 18.9 litre
Length overall 18.8 ft, 5.69 m
Height overall 8.3ft, 2.51m
Wing span 34.0ft, 10.36m
Sweepback 0 deg
Total wing area 144 sq.ft, 13.4 sq.m
Wing aspect ratio 8.0/1
Empty weight 218 lb, 99kg
Max take off weight 529 lb, 240 kg
Payload 311 lb, 141 kg
Max wing loading 3.67 lb/sq.ft, 17.9 kg/sq.m
Max power loading 13.7 lb/hp, 6.2kg/hp
Load factors; +6.0, 4.0 ultimate
Max level speed 60 mph, 97 kph
Max cruising speed 50 mph, 80kph
Stalling speed 22mph, 35kph
Max climb rate at sea level 950ft/min, 4.8m/s
Take off distance 60ft, 18m
Landing dis¬tance 50ft, 15m
Range at average cruising speed 240 mile, 386 km

FlightStar
Engine: Kawasaki TA440A, 38.5hp at 6000rpm
Propeller diameter and pitch 58×27 inch, 1.47 x 0.68 m
Belt reduction, ratio 2.0/1
Max static thrust 270 lb, 122kg
Power per unit area 0.25hp/sq.ft, 2.9hp/sq.m
Fuel capacity 5.0 US gal, 4.2 Imp gal, 18.9 litre
Length overall 16.5 ft, 5.03 m
Height overall 7.5ft, 2.29m
Wing span 30.0ft, 9.14m
Chord at root 4.8ft, 1.46m
Chord at tip 4.5ft, 1.37m
Dihedral 2.5 deg
Sweepback 0 deg
Tailplane span 8.2 ft, 2.50 m
Fin height 4.0 ft, 1.22 m
Total wing area 144 sq.ft, 13.4 sq.m
Total aileron area 26.0 sq.ft, 2.41 sq.m
Fin area 5.0sq.ft, 0.46 sq.m
Rudder area 7.0 sq.ft, 0.65 sq.m
Tail¬plane area 10.0sq.ft, 0.93sq.m
Total elevator area 11.0sq.ft, 1.02 sq.m
Wing aspect ratio 6.3/1
Wheel track 5.1 ft, 1.55 m
Wheelbase 6.0 ft, 1.83 m
Nosewheel diameter overall 10 inch, 25 cm
Main wheels diameter overall 10 inch, 25 cm
Empty weight 247 lb, 112kg
Max take off weight 500 lb, 227kg
Payload 253 lb, 115kg
Max wing loading 3.47 lb/sq.ft, 16.9kg/sq.m
Max power loading 13.0 lb/hp, 5.9kg/hp
Load factors +6.0, 4.0 design; +7.8, ulti¬mate
Max level speed 64 mph, 103 kph
Never exceed speed 75 mph, 121 kph
Max cruising speed 55 mph, 88 kph
Economic cruising speed 50 mph, 80 kph
Stalling speed 25 mph, 40 kph
Max climb rate at sea level 850 ft/min, 4.3 m/s
Min sink rate 350 ft/min at 30 mph, 1.7 m/s at 48 kph
Best glide ratio with power off 7.1/1 at 35mph, 56 kph
Take off distance 100 ft, 30 m
Land¬ing distance 100ft, 30m
Service ceiling 10,000ft, 3050 m
Range at average cruising speed 50 mile, 80 km

Pioneer Aviation Voyager

A newcomer to the UK hang gliding community, Pioneer Aviation Ltd, in 1997 produced the Voyager, a new high performance glider with a novel leading edge construction method. The Voyager uses an internal deflexer to brace the Leading edge tube. T was available with sail area of 129, 139, 153, and 149 sq ft.

Pinaire Ultra-Aire

Side mounted joy stick, nosewheel steerable through joystick. Construction: Aluminium, Dacron

Engine: Cuyuna ULII-02 (429 cc) 33 hp
Static thrust: 250 lb
Wing span: 26 ft
Wing area: 130 sq.ft
Height: 6 ft 11 in
Length: 14 ft 2 in
Empty wt: 240 lb
Max wt: 550 lb
Fuel cap: 5 USG
Stall: 22 mph
Max speed: 63 mph
Vne: 75 mph
Climb rate: 600 fpm @ 35 mph
Design limit: +6, -4g
Glide ratio: 8-1
Wing loading: 4.23 lbs/sq.ft
Power loading: 15.71 lbs/hp