Dornier Do.J Wal

The Wal all-metal flying-boat was a direct development of the Gs I of 1919 and the uncompleted Gs II.
The Wal had a two-step hull, strut-braced untapered parasol wing, sponsons, single fin and rudder, and two engines in tandem above the centre section.
The prototype flew on 6 November 1922. Because of the Allied ban on German construction of this class of aeroplane, production was undertaken by GMASA in Italy with the first aircraft completed in 1923.

LZ127 Graf Zeppelin & Dornier Wal. 1928

Passenger, mail-carrier and military versions were produced with a wide range of engines of 223.6-559kW. There were four different wing spans and the maximum weight grew from about 4,000kg to 10,000kg. Wals were also built by Piaggio and in Japan, the Netherlands and Spain, and later in Germany. About 300 were built before production ceased in the mid-1930s.

Wals pioneered air services in South America, were widely used in the Mediterranean (with eight-ten seats) and, operating from depot ships, established Luft-Hansa’s South Atlantic mail services.

To carry mail over the Berlin to Rio de Janeiro Atlantic route, Lufthansa converted the 5400 tonne Wesfalen cargo vessel into a floating airbase. The flying boat, usually a Do.J, would land near the ship, and then be hauled by a crane up a ‘dragsail’, a semi-rigid blanket that stretched into the water over the stern to act as a slipway. The Wal was then moved to the bow, from where it was launched into the air by a compressed air catapult. The complete system was first tested in June 1933, 940 miles / 1500 km off the Gambian coast.

On board a Westfalen Line ship

Gallery

Engines: 2 x RR 1928, 265kW
Max take-off weight: 4100 kg / 9039 lb
Empty weight: 2720 kg / 5997 lb
Wingspan: 26.5 m / 86 ft 11 in
Length: 16.2 m / 53 ft 2 in
Height: 4.7 m / 15 ft 5 in
Wing area: 96.0 sq.m / 1033.33 sq ft
Max. speed: 180 km/h / 112 mph
Cruise speed: 150 km/h / 93 mph
Ceiling: 3500 m / 11500 ft
Range w/max.fuel: 3600 km / 2237 miles
Crew: 2-4
Passengers: 10-12

Wal
Engine : 2 x BMW VI, 690 hp
Length : 60.039 ft / 18.3 m
Height : 17.552 ft / 5.35 m
Wingspan : 76.115 ft / 23.2 m
Wing area : 1033.344 sq.ft / 96.0 sq.m
Max take off weight : 17640.0 lb / 8000.0 kg
Weight empty : 10363.5 lb / 4700.0 kg
Max. speed : 124 kts / 230 km/h
Landing speed : 57 kts / 105 km/h
Cruising speed : 108 kts / 200 km/h
Initial climb rate : 590.55 ft/min / 3.0 m/s
Service ceiling : 9843 ft / 3000 m
Wing load : 17.02 lb/sq.ft / 83.0 kg/sq.m
Range : 1026 nm / 1900 km
Crew : 4
Armament : 2x MG15

Dornier Do.H Falke / Seefalke

Dornier pursued the clandestine development of military aircraft, including the DoH Falke and Seefalke all metal cantilever high wing fighter monoplanes in 1922 and the DoD twin float torpedo bomber monoplane in 1926.
Manufactured at Altenrhein / Pisa, the Do.H was a relatively modern design. Fitted with floats, the Falks was available a sea-based fighter, too. Several engine variants existed.
In cooperation with Wright, the Wright H3 was fitted and the Falke offered to the US-Navy.

Dornier H Falke
Engine : BMW IV a, 296 hp
Length : 24.377 ft / 7.43 m
Height: 9.318 ft / 2.84 m
Wingspan : 32.808 ft / 10.0 m
Wing area : 215.28 sq.ft / 20.0 sq.m
Max take off weight : 2646.0 lb / 1200.0 kg
Weight empty : 2039.6 lb / 925.0 kg
Max. payload weight : 110.3 lb / 50.0 kg
Max. speed : 140 kts / 260 km/h
Landing speed : 49 kts / 90 km/h
Cruising speed : 119 kts / 220 km/h
Initial climb rate : 1161.42 ft/min / 5.90 m/s
Service ceiling : 25591 ft / 7800 m
Wing load : 12.30 lb/sq.ft / 60.00 kg/sq.m
Range : 259 nm / 480 km
Crew : 1
Armament : 2x MG

Dornier Do.C Komet I / Komet II / Do.D / Do.T / Do.B / Do.G / Merkur

Komet II

These aircraft were three of a large family of civil/military aircraft produced in the late 1920s, and surviving documentation on their design and weaponry is both sparse and conflicting, due to the fact that Germany was officially an ‘unarmed’ country at that time.

Dornier Komet Article

Development began in 1920 with the Do C III (Komet I). This was a high wing commercial transport with an open cockpit for the pilot and an enclosed cabin seating four passengers. It had an exceptionally long wingspan of 17 m (55 ft 9.25 in) and could be powered by either a 180 hp BMW III or 185hp BMW IIIa engine. It was built in small numbers and used by various German airlines with some success.

Designed in 1920 a modified version, the Komet II, utilized the same wing configura¬tion, but with an increased overall length. The Komet II was a five-seat (pilot in open cockpit and four passengers in cabin) monoplane with a thick wing placed on top of the deep box-section fuselage. Powered by a 134kW / 250 hp BMW IV engine, it made its first flight on October 9, 1922.
A small number were built with 250 hp BMW IV engines and were operated from 1922 by Deutsche Luft-Reederei, and Rolls-Royce Falcon-engined examples went to Spain, Colombia, Russia and the Ukraine.
This was followed by the six passenger Komet III, which first flew on December 7, 1924, with a 360 hp Rolls Royce Eagle powerplant. This same engine was used in a parasol wing development, the Do C, produced shortly afterwards as a training air¬craft. Some Do Cs were operated by the Fuerza Aerea de Chile as light bombers in about 1930.

The Do D torpedo bomber, which flew for the first time in July 1926, was a twin float version of the Do C, with a 600 hp BMW VI engine, which entered limited production for the Yugoslav naval air service in 1927. In 1925, two other versions of the Kornet III were evolved: an ambulance model, designated Do T, and a passenger counterpart with a 600 hp BMW VI, the latter receiving the name Merkur (or Do B).

Do.B Merkur

The final development of the Komet type was the Do.B Merkur, which first flew in February 1925 and was produced from 1926 as an eight-ten passenger airliner powered by a BMW VI engine. It could cruise at 175km/h. Following long-distance overland trial flights, dual controls and adjustable pilot seats were fitted. Deutsche Luft-Hansa received the greatest number with nearly 30 aircraft and these operated from Berlin to Konigsberg and elsewhere. Examples were operated by Deutscher Aero Lloyd and DDL in Europe, were exported to the Ukraine and licence-built in Japan and perhaps Switzerland in civil/military guises.

Komet II D223 at Croydon Airport

Aero-Lloyd Komet II D223 was the first German commercial aircraft to visit the UK since the First World War. It brought three Aero-Lloyd directors to visit Daimler Airways to finalise arrangements for a London-Berlin service. The Komet II had flown from Berlin via Amsterdam and Rotterdam, and due to bad weather landed in a field near Lympne, Kent, where crew and Passengers spent the night before arriving at Croydon Airport.
The Komet III used three different kind of powerplants. Some of them employed the Rolls-Royce 360 horsepower Eagles, others used the Napier 465 horsepower Lions, and the third powerplant was the 400 horsepower Liberty engine.

A twin-float seaplane version was also produced and Chile received a number as Do G trainers/torpedo-bombers. The Do D was similar to the Do C built for the Yugoslav Naval Air Service, while the Do T was an ambulance derivative of the Merkur.
The Merkur used a 600 horsepower engine as its powerplant.
Production details are impossible to give. It is known that the civil Komet and Merkur series, together with the Do T, were built openly in Germany; the para military variants most likely emanated from the Dornier factory at Alteirrhein in Switzerland.

Komet II
Engine: 1 x BMW IV, 185kW
Take-off weight: 2200 kg / 4850 lb
Empty weight: 700 kg / 1543 lb
Wingspan: 17.0 m / 55 ft 9 in
Length: 10.3 m / 33 ft 10 in
Height: 3.3 m / 10 ft 10 in
Wing area: 50.0 sq.m / 538.20 sq ft
Max. Speed: 165 km/h / 103 mph
Cruise speed: 135 km/h / 84 mph
Ceiling: 5000 m / 16400 ft
Range w/max.fuel: 500 km / 311 miles
Crew: 1
Passengers: 4

Do C
Span: 19.60 m (64 ft 3.75 in)
Length: 12.43 m (40 ft 9.5 in)
Gross weight: 3900 kg (8598 lb)
Maximum speed: 195 kph (121 mph)

Do.B Merkur
Engine: 1 x BMW VI, 500kW
Take-off weight: 3700 kg / 8157 lb
Empty weight: 2280 kg / 5027 lb
Wingspan: 19.6 m / 64 ft 4 in
Length: 12.8 m / 41 ft 12 in
Height: 3.8 m / 12 ft 6 in
Wing area: 62.0 sq.m / 667.36 sq ft
Ceiling: 5200 m / 17050 ft
Range w/max.fuel: 1000 km / 621 miles
Crew: 2
Passengers: 6-7

Dornier Komet II / Komet III
Dornier Do B Merkur

Dornier D-1

1918

Engine: 1 x BMW IIIa, 136kW
Take-off weight: 885 kg / 1951 lb
Empty weight: 160 kg / 353 lb
Wingspan: 7.8 m / 25 ft 7 in
Length: 6.4 m / 20 ft 12 in
Height: 2.6 m / 8 ft 6 in
Wing area: 18.6 sq.m / 200.21 sq ft
Max. Speed: 200 km/h / 124 mph
Cruise speed: 80 km/h / 50 mph
Ceiling: 8100 m / 26600 ft
Armament: 2 machine-guns
Crew: 1

Dornier GsII Wal

The two improved GsIIs under construction at Seemoos fell foul of the Allied Commission and were destroyed in 1919. Dornier commissioned the firm’s Italian subsidiary to continue development and construction of the forbidden type. The GsII, the famous Wal, which flew in 1922, was built under license in Japan, Netherlands, and Spain and would evolve through the 1920s and into the 1930s. Between the first production Wal of 1923 and the military type of 1932, the airplane’s wingspan increased greatly, its engine power more than doubled, and its loaded weight rose from 8820 to 22000 pounds. It was used for civilian mail service and long range reconnaissance, and the commercial and military models differed little.

Engine: 2 x MB IVa, 190kW
Take-off weight: 4315 kg / 9513 lb
Empty weight: 1200 kg / 2646 lb
Wingspan: 21.0 m / 68 ft 11 in
Length: 15.3 m / 50 ft 2 in
Height: 4.7 m / 15 ft 5 in
Wing area: 80.0 sq.m / 861.11 sq ft
Max. Speed: 170 km/h / 106 mph
Cruise speed: 140 km/h / 87 mph
Ceiling: 4250 m / 13950 ft
Range w/max.fuel: 600 km / 373 miles
Crew: 2
Passengers: 6

Dornier GsI

After the armistice, Dornier built a six passenger flying boat, the GsI, with the inher¬ently stable broad beam hull and sponsons that characterized his later boats. First flown in July 1919 the GsI went to Switzerland for test flights, it returned to Fredrichshafen on the 10/12/1919. From there it went on a sales tour to the Netherlands on the 3rd March 1920. The craft was a success, but after a demonstration in the Netherlands, the Allies demanded its destruction because the Control Commission had forbidden that category of aircraft. The GsI was scuttled at Kiel-Holtenaeu on the 25 th April 1920 to prevent it falling into the hands of the Allied Inspection Commission.

Dorner Eindecker

1912 Dorner Company brochure

The Dorner monoplane was a well known sight around Johannistahl. Georg Schendel set a German record for altitude of 2010 meters on 6 June, 1911, and a World Altitude record with passenger, of 1690 meters on 9 June, 1911, in his Dorner. Type II had a 20 hp Dorner-Motor and cost 13,500 Marks. Type III came with a 40 hp Dorner-Motor at 15,500 Marks, or 50 hp at 16,500 Marks. The T.III version had a fatal accident for both passenger and pilot on 9 June, 1911 at Johannistahl.

Dorna Free Bird

The Dorna Free Bird is an Iranian light-sport aircraft, designed and produced by Hava Faza Dorna Co. of Hasanabad. Designed to comply with the US light-sport aircraft rules, it features a cantilever low-wing, an enclosed cabin with two-seats-in-side-by-side configuration accessed by doors, fixed tricycle landing gear, with wheel pants and a single engine in tractor configuration.

The aircraft structure is made entirely from composite material, with the fuselage a monocoque design. Its 9.45 m (31.0 ft) wing has an area of 11.06 m2 (119.0 sq ft), is built with dual spars and features winglets. It has a low-mounted horizontal stabilizer with a single spar. Both the seats and the rudder pedals are adjustable for pilot height. The cabin is 107 cm (42 in) in width. The standard engine used is the Austrian 100 hp (75 kW) Rotax 912ULS, four-stroke powerplant, driving a Czech-built Woodcomp three-bladed, ground adjustable propeller.

As of February 2017, the design does not appear on the Federal Aviation Administration’s list of approved special light-sport aircraft.

The aircraft was supplied complete and ready-to-fly in 2015 at €85,000 and was still in production in 2017.

Free Bird
Engine: 1 × Rotax 912ULS, 75 kW (101 hp)
Propeller: 3-bladed Woodcomp ground adjustable
Wingspan: 9.45 m (31 ft 0 in)
Wing area: 11.06 m2 (119.0 sq ft)
Empty weight: 380 kg (838 lb)
Gross weight: 600 kg (1,323 lb)
Fuel capacity: 70 litres (15 imp gal; 18 US gal)
Wing loading: 54.2 kg/m2 (11.1 lb/sq ft)
Maximum speed: 220 km/h (137 mph; 119 kn)
Stall speed: 64 km/h (40 mph; 35 kn)
Rate of climb: 5 m/s (980 ft/min)
Crew: one
Capacity: one passenger