Lavochkin

Semyon Alexse’evich Lavochkin headed a design bureau formed for fighter production under the 1938 program. The first aircraft, the I-22, flew in 1939; also called LAGG-1 (Lavochkin, Gorbunov, Gudkov). Alterations on the production line 1940-1941 resulted in LAGG-3 with wood construction, with phenoform-aldehyde impregnated fuselage. Superseded by La-5 with radial engine in 1942. Followed by 1943 La-7,1945 La-9,1946 La-11.
This latter allmetal aircraft was the last piston-engined fighter in Soviet Air Force. Bureau later produced La-17, the first Soviet turbojet fighter with reheat, but was disbanded on Lavochkin’s death in 1960.

Laville DI-4

Laville DI-4 (Russian: Лавиль ДИ-4) was a prototype two-seat fighter aircraft developed in the Soviet Union in the 1930s.

The chief designer Henri Laville was one of several French aviation specialists invited to work in the Soviet Union and the DI-4 layout was typical of the French trend at the time with a high-mounted gull wing (first for a Soviet aircraft) and all-metal construction.

First flying on 4 January 1932, the test flight program was completed in 1933 but despite good performance the aircraft did not enter mass production, in part because Soviet Union had no plans to purchase the Curtiss V-1570 engine. Only the one was built.

Powerplant: × Curtiss V-1570 Conqueror, 448 kW (601 hp)
Propeller: 2-blade fixed-pitch
Wingspan: 13.3 m (43 ft 8 in)
Wing area: 23.9 m2 (257 sq ft)
Length: 8.5 m (27 ft 11 in)
Empty weight: 1,448 kg (3,192 lb)
Gross weight: 1,949 kg (4,297 lb)
Maximum speed: 266 km/h (165 mph, 144 kn)
Range: 500 km (310 mi, 270 nmi)
Service ceiling: 6,440 m (21,130 ft)
Time to 5,000 m (16,404 ft): 17 minutes
Wing loading: 81.5 kg/m2 (16.7 lb/sq ft)
Power/mass: 0.230 kW/kg (0.140 hp/lb)
Horizontal turn time: 15 seconds
Crew: 2

Laviasa

In 1998 Laviasa acquired from the New Piper Aircraft Company of the USA the Type Certificates (CCTT’S) No. 2 A 8 and 2 A 10 issued by the Federal Aviation Administration of the USA (FAA) in 1998 and the Certificates of Type No. AV-0004, AV-9901 and Production Certificate No. A-0801 issued by the National Civil Aviation Administration of Argentina (ANAC).

These documents give Laviasa the universal and exclusive rights for the manufacture of aircraft for agricultural use and other uses PA-25-235 / 260 (formerly called “Pawnee” and renamed “Puelche”) and its parts. These rights reach their possibility of exploitation of manufacturing use rights of said aircraft, to third parties in condition “Under License”.

Laviasa has:
All the relevant development documentation received from Piper: Certification Reports, Manuals, Specifications, Calculation Reports, tests and construction processes, etc. and more than 2400 manufacturing and production plans.
More than 900 pieces of molds, molds and templates
The responsibility, according to Annex 8 of ICAO for the assurance of the continuity of the airworthiness of all aircraft previously manufactured by Piper Aircraft and Chincul S.A. (from Argentina) “under license”, protected by the aforementioned CCTT’s and logically of all their own production aircraft.

Lauer L.II Dädalus

A German school biplane built in spring 1912, powered by a 55 hp Argus, Richard Lauer built this biplane in 1912 and was permitted to test the aircraft at the Exerzierfeld Halle-Beesen, where he managed “some long flights”. He also set up a hangar and wanted to open a flight school that summer but unfortunately he crashed and destroyed the aircraft in June. Lauer suffered severe injuries that presumably prevented him from ever flying again.

Laubenthal Württemberg / Akaflieg Darmstadt Württemberg

The Akademische Fliegeruppe Darmstadt also received some orders from individuals or club and these, built in ones or twos, were client named, received no D- number and brought welcome funds to the group. These, too, were sometimes also designed by student teams and often built by them.

The Württemberg was made for Wolf Hirth, who named it after his home state. The Württemberg was a high, cantilever wing aircraft. Its wing, like the rest of the aircraft was wooden and covered with a mixture of plywood and fabric. It was built around a single spar, with ply covering from it around the leading edge forming a torsion-resistant D-box. Behind the spar the wing was mostly fabric covered. In plan there was a rectangular centre section that filled about 40% of the span and tapered outer panels tapering to elliptical tips. The ailerons filled about 40% of the span from the tips.

The Württemberg’s wing was mounted over the fuselage on a low, ply covered pylon which sat on top of the fuselage and extended well behind the wing trailing edge, gradually decreasing in height. Its open, unscreened cockpit was partly under the leading edge. The fuselage was ovoid in cross section, tapering and becoming more pointed on its underside aft. It was entirely ply covered. All tail surfaces were built in a similar way to the wing. Both rudder and elevators were all-moving and balanced, with straight edges, rounded tips and with their short mountings faired into the fuselage. The rudder extended down to the keel, so a generous cut-out in the elevators was provided for its movement. The Württemberg had a short landing skid under the forward fuselage and a spring type tailskid.

A second Württemberg was completed in 1929 at the Klemm Leichtflugzeugbau GmbH (“Klemm Light Aircraft Company”) for the Württembergischer Luftfahrt-Verband (Aeronautical Association Württemberg) at Stuttgart, with slightly greater wing area and a shorter fuselage.

First flying in 1927, in 1928 Hirth flew the Württemberg in France at the International contest at Vauville, on the Channel coast near Cherbourg, with great success. Glider flight here followed the coast over sandhills and relied on slope lift from a West wind; the Württemberg was suited to the weak wind that blew during the competition. He won prizes for the greatest height gain (327 m (1,073 ft)), straight-line distance (29 km (18 mi)), height (1,244 m (4,080 ft)) and for the number of flights lasting more than 30 minutes (10).

Württemberg (1927)
Wingspan: 15.20 m (49 ft 10 in)
Wing area: 15.75 m2 (169.5 sq ft)
Aspect ratio: 14.6
Airfoil: Göttingen 535
Length: 6.465 m (21 ft 3 in)
Empty weight: 149.25 kg (329 lb)
Gross weight: 235 kg (518 lb)
Wing loading: 15 kg/m2 (3.1 lb/sqft)
Crew: One

Latimer-Needham Albatross / R.F.D. Albatross

The RFD Company constructed the Albatross to C.H. Latimer-Needham’s design, the first British-designed and built sailplane. It was a conventional wooden single-seat aircraft, its cantilever high wing having a constant chord centre section and outboard straight-tapered panels from about mid-span. Ailerons were fitted from the wing tips over most of the outboard sections but here were no flaps or air brakes. The wing was mounted with slight dihedral on top of the fuselage, which was rectangular in cross section and tapered only a little towards the tail. There were no fixed rear surfaces, both elevators and rudder being all moving. The elevator, mounted on top of the fuselage, had constant chord apart from a cut-out for rudder movement; the latter was tall, with a vertical leading edge and curved trailing edge.

The Albatross’s single-seat open cockpit was at the leading edge of the wing, with a fairing behind the pilot’s head reaching aft beyond the trailing edge. Originally it landed on a skid which was part of a V-shaped ventral extension of the fuselage, running from just behind the nose about half the length of the aircraft. Twin landing wheels were fitted later.

Only one Albatross was built, receiving its Certificate of Airworthiness in October 1930. It appeared at the Glider Show held at The Royal Agricultural Hall, Islington in May 1931.

One owner was A.E. Coltman of the Leicestershire Air Sports Club who did some soaring at Sutton Bank.

It was later sold to Edwin S Griffis, who was killed when the wing failed when it was being launched at the Furness Gliding Club site at Ireleth on 12 August 1936.

Wingspan: 42 ft 0 in (12.8 m)
Wing area: 180 sq ft (16.72 m2)
Length: 20 ft 8 in (6.3 m)
Aspect ratio: 10
Airfoil: Göttingen 535
Empty weight: 205 lb (93 kg)
Gross weight: 360 lb (163 kg)

Latham

Latham et Cie Societe Industrielle de Caudebec
Hydravions Latham

France
Jean Latham built flying-boats during the First World War. After the war became Latham et Cie Societe Industrielle de Caudebec, later Hydravions Latham, continuing the design and construction of single- and multi-engined flying-boats. In 1920 built the Gastambide-Levasseur variable- incidence biplane. Explorer Raoul Amundsen was lost on the Latham 47-2 searching for the crew of the airship Italia in 1925. In 1929 company amalgamated with Societe d’Emboutissage et de Constructions Mechaniques, later Amiot.

Latécoère Late 631

Developed in 1939, construction of the L.631 was interrupted by the war. The prototype Late 631 flew for the first time on 4 November 1942. It was a high-wing monoplane flying-boat powered by six 1,192kW radial engines. Accommodation was provided for 46 passengers in two- or four-berth cabins. However this aircraft was confiscated by the Germans during the occupation of France. It was flown it to the Bodensee (Lake Constance) on the German–Swiss–Austrian border. In 1944, it was attacked and destroyed at anchor by RAF Mosquitos.

Despite the war raging through France, Latécoère managed to complete the first production model in March 1945, now powered by Wright Cyclones instead of its original Gnome et Rhône engines.

In October of 1945 a propeller on F-BANT separated in flight with a blade slicing through the cabin and killing two passengers. Four production models were bought by Air France and inaugurated transatlantic services between their base at Biscarosse, south-west of Bordeaux, and Fort-de-France in Martinique on 26 July 1947.

Other operators were SEMAF (Société d’Exploitation du Matériel Aéronautique Français) and SFH (Société France Hydro).

The first Transatlantic Flight, Geneva, Switzerland to Fort de France, Martinique by “Latecoere 631” was on June 14, 1948. They covered the distance of nearly 5000 km in 16 hours.

A special mail flight arrived at Fort de France on June 16th, 1947. The plane disappeared on its return flight.

In February of 1948, F-BDRD crashed in the English Channel during a snowstorm killing all 19 on board. After just over one year of service, there was the total loss, with all passengers and crew, of F-BDRC on 1 August 1948. In March of 1950, F-BANU was lost off the coast of France, again with no survivors and finally in 1955, SFH’s F-BDRE had a wing failure, crashing with the loss of half of the 16 people on board.

The Societe France-Hydro operated one on cargo services in French Equatorial Africa for three years, but it crashed: after which all remaining Late 631 were broken up.

Latécoère 631

Production total: 11
F-BAHG 01 First flown 4/11/1942
F-BANF (not completed)
F-BANT 02 First flown 6/03/1945
F-BANU 3 First flown 15/06/1946
F-BDRA 4 First flown 22/05/1947
F-BDRB 5 First flown 5/09/1947
F-BDRC 6 First flown 9/11/1947
F-BDRD 7 First flown 26/01/1948
F-BDRE 8 First flown 28/11/1948
F-BDRF 9 First flown 20/11/1948
F-BDRG 10 First flown 7/10/1949
F-BDRH 11 not completed

Engines: 6 x Wright Cycl. GR 2600-A5B, 1175kW
Max take-off weight: 71350 kg / 157301 lb
Empty weight: 32332 kg / 71280 lb
Wingspan: 57.4 m / 188 ft 4 in
Length: 43.5 m / 142 ft 9 in
Wing area: 350.0 sq.m / 3767.37 sq ft
Max. speed: 405 km/h / 252 mph
Cruise speed: 320 km/h / 199 mph
Range w/max.fuel: 6000 km / 3728 miles
Crew: 6
Passengers: 70

Latecoere L.631 Lionel de Marmier