Turkey
TUSAS Havacilik ve Uzay Sanayii AS, founded May 1984 as a joint-venture company with Turkish Armed Forces Foundation and Turkish Air League (2 percent shareholding), Lockheed Martin of Turkey (42 percent) and General Electric (7 percent). TAI manufactured Lockheed Martin F-16C/D Block 50Ds for the Turkish Air Force under the U.S. Peace Onyx II program plus wings and fuselages for U.S. production lines under Peace Onyx I Assembles Airtech CN 235M transport for air force, assembles UH- 60L Black Hawks for army, co-manufactures Eurocopter Cougar Mk Is for air force, and contributes to Airbus FLA, Eurocopter EC 135 and Sikorsky S-76 programs. Other work includes UAVs and aircraft modernization, development of the TG-X1 Bat very light single-seat attack / surveillance aircraft (first flown February 1997, based on U.S. Sadler A-22 Piranha), and development of the HD-XX twin-turbofan regional transport.
Aircraft
Turner Nicholas-Beazley Pobjoy Special / Repeat Aviation Nicholas-Beazley Pobjoy Special
In 1998 former owner, Dick Sampson, commissioned an airworthy replica of the Pobjoy Special to be built by Bill Turner of Repeat Aviation. It is configured with the Wittman modifications, a cowled Pobjoy engine, and wooden wings. The aircraft is on display at the EAA Airventure Museum in Oshkosh, Wisconsin.
Turner DH88 Comet Replica / Repeat Aviation DH88 Comet Replica
Turner TSW-2
The Turner Two Seat Wot (TSW-2) is a biplane aircraft designed for amateur construction by Chris Turner in 1976. The aircraft was originally conceived as a two-seat version of the Currie Wot, however few component parts of the original Wot were retained by the time the design had been finalised. The Turner TSW-2 has a reduced wingspan, four ailerons and uses a different aerofoil section for the staggered wings. The aileron bellcrank fittings are made to the Currie Wot drawings.
The Turner Two Seat Wot’s structure is primarily of wood with metal interplane struts, cabane struts, undercarriage and engine mount. Two examples were constructed G-BEBO and G-BLPB. The prototype G-BEBO was fitted with a 125 hp (93 kW) Lycoming O-290-3 engine and G-BLPB a 150 hp (112 kW) Lycoming 0-320-A1A engine.
Chris Turner was awarded the Best New Design Award at the 1987 Popular Flying Association Rally at Cranfield, Bedfordshire.
The prototype Turner TSW-2, G-BEBO, was built by its designer Chris Turner. It was registered with the Civil Aviation Authority on 30 June 1976 and first flown from Sunderland Airport in 1978. The aircraft was destroyed in a hangar fire at Hunday Farm and de-registered in January 2003.
This second example, G-BLPB, was built by James Woolford and Kingsley Thomas in Mullion Cornwall between 1980 and 1986. It first flew from Land’s End Airport on 31 August 1986. This aircraft is still airworthy and in 2017 was based on a farm strip in Wiltshire.
The Turner TSW-2 was the subject of a test flight report in Popular Flying by John Harper, who stated that the aircraft was capable of executing the Aerobatics Association’s Beginners Sequence of aerobatic manoeuvrers.
Turner T-40B
The Turner T-40B is basically the same as the T-40A, but with tricycle landing gear and other improvements. Development of the prototype began in 1966 and the first flight was made in 1969. Originally an 85-hp engine was used, but it was replaced by a 125-hp Lycoming in order to improve high altitude performance. Other refinements on the basic T-40A frame are: a bubble canopy, hydraulically-operated double-slotted flaps, and a fixed leading-edge droop.
Engine: Lycoming, 150 hp
HP range: 100-150
Height: 6 ft
Length: 20.8 ft
Wing span: 29.6 ft
Wing area: 106 sq.ft
Weight empty: 1050 lbs
Gross: 1640 lbs
Fuel cap: 30 USG
Speed max: 170 mph
Cruise: 155 mph
Range: 525 sm
Stall: 62 mph
ROC: 1200 fpm
Take-off dist: 1100 ft
Landing dist: 900 ft
Service ceiling: 14,500 ft
Seats: 2
Landing gear: nose or tail wheel
Turner T-40A / Super T-40A / T-40C / T-77 Ophelia Bumps
The T-40 was so successful that it collected 18 awards and convinced Turner that the only thing wrong with it was that nobody could ride along to enjoy the reading on the airspeed indicator; thus he created the T-40A. It is a two-place version of its predecessor. Turner simply divided the entire fuselage of the T-40 down the middle and in¬creased the cabin width from 24 to 40 inches. Flight tests showed that the 85-hp engine would still deliver 163 mph top speed with a fuselage nearly twice as wide as before and with considerably more airframe weight. Both Turners feature folding wings.
A Super T-40A with a 125hp motor appeared in 1972, and 1981 saw the entry of T-40C, or T-77, with a 150hp Lycoming.
T-40A
Engine: Lycoming, 125 hp
HP range: 100-125
Height: 6 ft
Length: 20 ft
Wing span: 25.4 ft
Wing area: 96 sq.ft
Empty weight: 1050 lb
Gross weight: 1600 lb
Fuel capacity: 22 USG
Top speed: 160 mph
Cruise: 147 mph
Stall: 56 mph
Range: 475 nm
Rate of climb: 850 fpm
Takeoff dist: 1250 ft
Landing dist: 1200 ft
Service ceiling: 12,000 ft
Seats: 2
Landing gear: nose or tailwheel
“Super” T-40A
Engine: Lycoming, 125 hp
Height: 6 ft
Length: 20 ft
Wing span: 27.67 ft
Wing area: 96 sq.ft
Weight empty: 1050 lbs
Gross: 1600 lbs
Fuel cap: 22 USG
Speed max: 170 mph
Cruise: 147 mph
Range: 475 sm
Stall: 56 mph
ROC: 850 fpm
Take-off dist: 1250 ft
Landing dist: 1200 ft
Service ceiling: 12,000 ft
Seats: 2
Landing gear: nose or tail wheel
Turner T-40
The Turner airplane family got started in 1958. First aircraft in the series was the T-40, a sleek, hot little single-seater which won the 1961 Outstanding Design Trophy at the Experimental Aircraft Association Fly-In. Of all-wood construction and featuring a sliding hood canopy, the T-40 was first powered by a 65-hp engine and did without all the frills associated with an electrical system. First flying on 3 April 1961, in this form it cruised at 128 and blitzed along at 145 with the throttle firewalled. It featured folding wings for storage in a single-car garage. Later, an 85-hp package was added. Both Turners feature folding wings.
Engine: Continental, 85 hp
HP range: 60-125
Height: 5.42 ft
Length: 19.75 ft
Wing span: 22.25 ft
Wing area: 78 sq.ft
Weight empty: 750 lbs
Gross: 1060 lbs
Fuel cap: 19 USG
Speed max: 170 mph
Cruise: 145 mph
Range: 525 sm
Stall: 55 mph
ROC: 1100 fpm
Take-off dist: 600 ft
Landing dist: 400 ft
Service ceiling: 12,500 ft
Seats: 1
Landing gear: nose or tail wheel
Turner Aircraft Inc
1960: M L Turner
Oklahoma City OK.
USA
1961: (Eugene L) Turner Aircraft
Fort Worth TX.
USA
1980: Turner Aircraft. 5803 Waterview Dr, Arlington, TX 76016, USA.
Offers plans to build T-40A side-by-side two-seat wooden low-wing monoplane, plus Super T-40 with increased wingspan and more engine power.
1995: Rte 4, Box 115AB3, Grandview, TX 76050, USA.
Turkish Air Force Baghdad First
The origins of aircraft construction in Turkey can be traced back to the first maintenance unit of the Turkish Air Force officially established on 1 June 1911, set up at the airport in Yesilköy / Istanbul. During the First World War maintenance facilities were established in Baghdad, Damascus, Izmir and Konya. They were under the umbrella of the 9th Department of Aviation Affairs (9 Hava Isleri Subesi), which was established on 15 Febuary 1915. The main task of this maintenance facilities was the maintenance of the aircraft of the German Air Force but due to the war situation could not always be guaranteed the supply of spare parts. The technicians at the front often no choice but to produce the items urgently needed themselves. In 1917 the Baghdad facility built a “new airplane”, the Baghdad first, which was built from parts of Albatros C III and from captured aircraft parts “redesigned”.
Turkish Air Force
The origins of aircraft construction in Turkey can be traced back to the first maintenance unit of the Turkish Air Force officially established on 1 June 1911, set up at the airport in Yesilköy / Istanbul. During the First World War maintenance facilities were established in Baghdad, Damascus, Izmir and Konya. They were under the umbrella of the 9th Department of Aviation Affairs (9 Hava Isleri Subesi), which was established on 15 Febuary 1915. The main task of this maintenance facilities was the maintenance of the aircraft of the German Air Force but due to the war situation could not always be guaranteed the supply of spare parts. The technicians at the front often no choice but to produce the items urgently needed themselves. In 1917 the Baghdad facility built a “new airplane”, the Baghdad first, which was built from parts of Albatros C III and from captured aircraft parts “redesigned”. During the Liberation War, which began immediately after the end of the First World War, the need for a separate aircraft production became increasingly clear.
The first steps for national aircraft production were initiated. Firstly reconstructions were performed on available aircraft types on the Gaziemir / Izmir Air Force Base. In 1922 two captured Airco DH 9 were retrofitted with dual controls. In 1924, the unreliable original engines were replaced on four B.1 Aviatik SAML training aircraft with older, but proven, Mercedes engines.
Turkish aircraft in the true sense began only after the founding of the Republic in 1923. A small delegation was dispatched to Europe to procure aircraft for the new Turkish Air Force. After evaluation it was decided to obtain 16 Bréguet XIV A-2, 39 Caudron C-27 and 32 Caudron C-59 aircraft. These aircraft were dismantled in 1924 and shipped to the Gaziemir / Izmir Air Force Base under French supervision. After the first requirements of the Turkish Air Force, the armed force withdrew from the assembly of planes however, this plan did not last long. When in the course of technical development, the maintenance became more complicated and more complex, the maintenance facilities of these forces were again entrusted with the manufacture of spare parts or installation or modernization of aircraft. So the 1st Air Supply and Maintenance Center emerged (1 Ikmal Hava ve Bakim Merkezi, 1.HIBM) in Eskisehir (1926), the 901 Home Depot and production plant for aircraft (the 901.Hava Araci Ana Depo ve Fabrika Komutanligi, nine hundred and first HAADFK) in Polatlı (1948, 1962 in Ankara) and the 2nd Air Supply and Maintenance Center (2nd Hava Ikmal ve Bakim Merkezi, 2.HIBM) in Kayseri (1950).
All Aero 