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Martin 162 PBM Mariner Gallery
Author: Terry
Martin 162 PBM Mariner
The XPBM-1 prototype flying-boat patrol bomber was originally ordered by the US Navy in 1936. Before it was built, a quarter-size prototype (Model 162A) was constructed and flown. The full-size aircraft was flown for the first time in February 1939.
The production PBM-1 – fitted with two 1,192 kW Wright R-2600-6 radial engines, a dihedral tail and retractable wingtip floats – was ordered in 1938 and 20 of these went into Navy service in 1941. A single XPBM-2 was ordered at the same time as a long-range version specially strengthened for catapult take-off.
The PBM-3, with two 1,267kW Wright R-2600-12 engines, was ordered in quantity in 1940 and deliveries began in 1942. In this version the crew was increased from seven to nine, the armament was revised and the fuel capacity increased. The retractable wingtip floats of the PBM-1 were replaced by fixed floats. In 1942 the PBM-3 was adopted also as a naval transport carrying 20 passengers or 3,629-4,082kg of cargo (PBM-3R). Twenty-six PBM-3B patrol bombers were also used by RAF Coastal Command, delivered under Lend-Lease. At the end of the war a specialised anti-submarine version was also developed as the PBM-3S.
The final two production versions of the Mariner were the PBM-5 and PBM-5A, powered by 1,565kW R-2800-22 and R-2800-34 engines respectively. The last PBM-5A was delivered to the US Navy in April 1949. This version was basically an amphibious version of the PBM-5 and ended its career as a general utility aircraft.
630 PBM-5 flying boats were built, followed by 36 PBM-5A amphibians, used for air-sea rescue duties, primarily by the U.S.C.G.
In 1963 the US Navy tested vertical floats designed by General Dynamics/Convair, on a PBM-5.
These made the seaplane a stable working platform for anti-submarine warfare with little motion from 4-5 ft waves.
Engines: 2 x Wright R-2800A-5B, 1250kW
Max take-off weight: 25400 kg / 55998 lb
Empty weight: 14660 kg / 32320 lb
Wingspan: 36.0 m / 118 ft 1 in
Length: 34.4 m / 112 ft 10 in
Height: 8.4 m / 27 ft 7 in
Wing area: 130.0 sq.m / 1399.31 sq ft
Max. speed: 325 km/h / 202 mph
Cruise speed: 240 km/h / 149 mph
Ceiling: 6150 m / 20200 ft
Armament: 8 x 12.7mm machine-guns, 2000kg of bombs
Crew: 7
PBM-5A Mariner
Air-sea rescue amphibian
Engines: 2 x Pratt & Whitney R2800-34, 2,100 h.p.
Wingspan: 118ft
Length: 79ft. 10in
Loaded weight: 60,300 lb
Max speed: over 200 m.p.h.
Ceiling: 20,200 ft.
Max range: 2,900 miles at 143 m.p.h.
Armament: (when fitted) 8x.50 in machine-guns
Bombload: 4,000 lb
Martin PBM 3 D Mariner
Engines: 2 x Wright R-2600-22 Cyclone, 1874 hp
Length: 79.823 ft / 24.33 m
Height: 27.493 ft / 8.38 m
Wingspan: 118.012 ft / 35.97 m
Wing area: 1407.931 sq.ft / 130.8 sq.m
Max take off weight: 58009.1 lb / 26308.0 kg
Weight empty: 33180.8 lb / 15048.0 kg
Max. speed: 184 kts / 340 km/h
Service ceiling: 19800 ft / 6035 m
Wing load: 41.21 lb/sq.ft / 201.00 kg/sq.m
Range: 1947 nm / 3605 km
Crew: 8
Armament: 8x MG cal.50 (12,7mm), 3629kg Bomb./Depth Chrgs.
Martin 187 Baltimore
The Martin 187 was developed from the Maryland to specific British requirements. It differed primarily by having more powerful engines and a deeper fuselage to allow direct communication between crew members. Its narrow-section fuselage did make it virtually impossible for injured crew members to change positions in flight.
An order of 400 of these aircraft, named Baltimore by the RAF, was placed in May 1940, and following introduction of the US Lend-Lease Act two batches, of 575 and 600, were ordered in June and July 1941 respectively, and the full total of 1,575 aircraft was duly produced for the RAF.
This full total was not received, for some Mk III and Mk IIIA aircraft were lost during transatlantic delivery when two cargo ships carrying them were sunk. Initial deliveries of Baltimore Mk Is were made in late 1941, being issued first to Operational Training Units, and were followed by deliveries of Mk IIs in 1942 to Nos 55 and 223 Squadrons operating in the Middle East. All Baltimores were used operationally entirely in the Mediterranean theatre, proving to be effective day and night bombers. In addition to those used by the RAF, Baltimores were allocated by the RAF for service with the Royal Australian Air Force, Free French Air Force, Greek No. 13 (Hellenic) Squadron, Italian Co-Belligerent Air Force, and the South African, and Turkish air forces.
Martin 187 Baltimore
Engines: 2 x Wright GR-2600-A5B Cyclone 14, 1637 hp
Length: 48.507 ft / 14.785 m
Height: 17.749 ft / 5.41 m
Wingspan: 61.319 ft / 18.69 m
Wing area: 538.523 sqft / 50.030 sq.m
Max take off weight: 23198.8 lb / 10521.0 kg
Weight empty: 15463.7 lb / 7013.0 kg
Max. speed: 265 kts / 491 km/h
Cruising speed: 195 kts / 362 km/h
Service ceiling: 23294 ft / 7100 m
Wing load: 43.05 lbs/sq.ft / 210.00 kg/sq.m
Maximum range: 2433 nm / 4506 km
Range: 940 nm / 1741 km
Crew: 4
Armament: 8x MG cal.303 (7,7mm), 6x MG cal .30 (7,62mm), 907kg Bomb.
Baltimore Mk IV
Engines: 2 x Wright R-2600-10 Cyclone 14 radial, 1238kW
Max take-off weight: 10251 kg / 22600 lb
Empty weight: 7013 kg / 15461 lb
Wingspan: 18.69 m / 61 ft 4 in
Length: 14.8 m / 48 ft 7 in
Height: 5.41 m / 17 ft 9 in
Wing area: 50.03 sq.m / 538.52 sq ft
Max. speed: 491 km/h / 305 mph
Ceiling: 7100 m / 23300 ft
Range: 1741 km / 1082 miles
Martin B-26 Marauder Gallery
Martin B-26 Article
Martin 179 / B-26 Marauder / AT-23 / HM-1P
The projected design data for the Model 179 Medium Bomber were accepted by the USAAC on 5 July 1939 and the first Marauder flew on 25 November 1940. The flow of production Marauders began on 25 February 1941 and by the end of 1944 more than 5,150 had been delivered. The Marauder first went into action in the Australian theatre in April 1942.
The B-26 initial production version was powered by two 1,378.6kW Pratt & Whitney R-2800-5 radial engines and carried a defensive armament of five 12.7mm machine-guns in the nose, dorsal turret and tail. Normal bomb load was 907kg but up to 2,631kg could be carried in the tandem bomb bays. The B-26A was similar to the earlier version except for having R-2800-39 engines and minor changes. Similar Marauder I were delivered to the RAF and SAAF in 1942 under Lend-Lease.
The B-26B corresponded to the Lend-Lease Marauder IA and II and was produced in more than one form. Power was provided by R-2800-5 or 1,490.4kW R-2800-41/-43 engines and tail armament was increased to two guns. From B-26B-10 (Marauder II) the wing span was increased from 19.81m to 21.64m; the area of the vertical tail surfaces was also increased; and armament raised to include one fixed and one flexible gun in the nose, four ‘package’ guns on the sides of the forward fuselage, two guns in the Martin dorsal turret, two flexible waist guns, one ventral-tunnel gun and two tail guns. The front bay could carry two 900kg bombs on special carriers and use of the rear bomb bay was discontinued. The crew was increased from five to seven. The B-26B variants were the most produced of the series.
The B-26C (Marauder II) was the same as the B-26B-10 types but built at the Martin Omaha plant. The single experimental B-26D with exhaust-heated surface de-icing equipment and the single B-26E special stripped model were followed by the B-26F and G (Marauder III). These were similar to the B-26C except for having the incidence of the wings increased by 3.5 degrees, no provision for carrying a torpedo, and 11 guns fitted.
Certain examples of earlier B-26 were stripped of armament and adapted for training and general utility duties, particularly high-speed target-towing. These were originally known as AT-23 but were subsequently redesignated TB-26. A number of TB-26G were also built. The designations JM-1 and JM-2 applied to stripped versions of the B-26C and B-26G respectively, used by the US Navy for target-towing and other general utility duties. The JM-1P was equipped for photographic reconnaissance.
Model 179
Engines: two 1,378.6kW Pratt & Whitney R-2800-5 radial
Wing span: 19.81m
Armament: 5 x 12.7mm machine-guns
Normal bomb load: 907kg
Max bomb load: 2,631kg
B-26A / Marauder I
Engines: two R-2800-39
Wing span: 19.81m
B-26B / Marauder IA
Engines: two R-2800-5 or 1,490.4kW R-2800-41
Wing span: 19.81m
Armament: 6 x 12.7mm machine-guns
B-26B-10 / Marauder II
Engines: two 1,490.4kW R-2800-43
Wingspan: 21.64 m / 70 ft 10 in
Length: 27.1 m / 88 ft 11 in
Height: 6.1 m / 20 ft 0 in
Wing area: 61.1 sq.m / 657.67 sq ft
Max take-off weight: 17300 kg / 38140 lb
Empty weight: 11340 kg / 25001 lb
Max. speed: 465 km/h / 289 mph
Cruise speed: 345 km/h / 214 mph
Ceiling: 6000 m / 19700 ft
Range w/max.fuel: 1770 km / 1100 miles
Armament: 13 x 12.7mm machine-guns
Bombload: two 900kg bombs
Crew: seven.
B-26C / Marauder II
Engines: 2 x P&W R-2800-43, 1410kW
Max take-off weight: 17300 kg / 38140 lb
Empty weight: 11340 kg / 25001 lb
Wingspan: 21.64 m / 70 ft 10 in
Length: 27.1 m / 88 ft 11 in
Height: 6.1 m / 20 ft 0 in
Wing area: 61.1 sq.m / 657.67 sq ft
Max. speed: 465 km/h / 289 mph
Cruise speed: 345 km/h / 214 mph
Ceiling: 6000 m / 19700 ft
Range w/max.fuel: 1770 km / 1100 miles
Crew: 7
Armament: 13 x 12.7mm machine-guns, 1800kg of bombs
B-26D
B-26E
Armament: 11 x 12.7mm machine-guns 11 guns
B-26F
Armament: 11 x 12.7mm machine-guns 11 guns
B-26G / Marauder III
Engines: 2 x Pratt&Whitney R-2800-43 Double Wasp, 1894 hp
Length: 56.07 ft / 17.09 m
Height: 20.341 ft / 6.2 m
Wingspan: 70.997 ft / 21.64 m
Wing area: 658.003 sq.ft / 61.13 sq.m
Max take off weight: 38206.0 lb / 17327.0 kg
Weight empty: 25304.6 lb / 11476.0 kg
Max. weight carried: 13141.8 lb / 5960.0 kg
Max. speed: 246 kts / 455 km/h
Cruising speed: 188 kts / 348 km/h
Initial climb rate: 1003.94 ft/min / 5.10 m/s
Wing load: 58.02 lb/sq.ft / 283.00 kg/sq.m
Range: 956 nm / 1770 km
Crew: 7
Armament: 11x cal0.50 MG (12,7mm), 1814kg Bomb.
AT-23 / TB-26
.
TB-26B
TB-26G
JM-1
Engines: 2 x P&W R-2800-43, 1410kW
Max take-off weight: 17300 kg / 38140 lb
Empty weight: 11340 kg / 25001 lb
Wingspan: 21.64 m / 70 ft 10 in
Length: 27.1 m / 88 ft 11 in
Height: 6.1 m / 20 ft 0 in
Wing area: 61.1 sq.m / 657.67 sq ft
JM-2
JM-1P
Martin 167 Maryland / XA-22
Designed to meet a US Army Air Corps specification for an attack bomber, the Martin XA-22 prototype was a twin-engine cantilever low/mid-wing monoplane with retractable tailwheel landing gear and accommodation for a crew of three. It was flown for the first time on 14 March 1939, but following official tests was rejected by the USAAC. However, the company had received a first production order for 115 aircraft from France even before the prototype had flown, but the start of delivery was delayed until the US arms embargo was lifted in October 1939; by that time France had contracted for an additional 100 aircraft. Only 140 of these Model 167F aircraft were delivered before the French armistice in June 1940, having the French designation Martin 167A-3 and seeing action against Axis forces until June 1940 and subsequently, with Vichy forces in West Africa and the Middle East, against the Allies.
With the collapse of French resistance in Europe, the outstanding 75 aircraft on order were diverted to the UK for service with the RAF and these, together with an additional 75 ordered by the RAF, were designated as Maryland Mk 1. All were powered by 783kW R-1830-SC3G Twin Wasp radial engines with single-stage superchargers. Further British orders followed for an improved Maryland Mk II with more powerful engines and two-stage superchargers, a total of 150 of this version being delivered to the RAF. Marylands were deployed initially for target towing and long-range reconnaissance, proving to be particularly valuable in this latter role, and were also used as light bombers. The first operational unit to receive the Maryland, in September 1940, was No. 431 Flight (later No. 69 Squadron) formed at Malta, and the type saw service in the Western Desert with Nos 39 and 223 Squadrons. Some 72 of the RAF’s Marylands were re-allocated to serve with Nos 12, 20, 21 and 24 Squadrons of the South African Air Force. Marylands also saw service with the Fleet Air Arm. Among the notable operations of the type were the reconnaissance sorties that preceded the successful Fleet Air Arm attack in November 1940 on the Italian fleet in harbour at Taranto. Another FAA Maryland reported that the Bismarck and Prinz Eugen were at sea in May 1941.
In 1942, South African Maryland’s performed long-range missions over Vichy-held Madagascar. One SAAF Maryland was downed but used its defensive guns to capture Vichy soldiers as prisoners on the ground.
Model 167F / Martin 167A-3 / Maryland Mk 1
Engines: 2 x Pratt&Whitney R-1830-SC3G Twin Wasp radial, 1036 hp / 783kW
Length: 46.654 ft / 14.22 m
Height: 14.993 ft / 4.57 m
Wingspan: 61.319 ft / 18.69 m
Wing area: 538.523 sq.ft / 50.03 sq.m
Max take off weight: 16810.9 lb / 7624.0 kg
Weight empty: 11214.6 lb / 5086.0 kg
Max. speed: 264 kts / 489 km/h
Cruising speed: 215 kts / 399 km/h
Service ceiling: 29495 ft / 8990 m
Wing load: 31.16 lb/sq.ft / 152.0 kg/sq.m
Range: 1130 nm / 2092 km
Crew: 3
Armament: 4x MG cal.30 (7,62mm), 2x cal.303 (7,7mm), 907kg Bomb.
Maryland Mk II
Engines: 2 x Pratt & Whitney R-1830-S3C4G Twin Wasp radial, 895kW
Max take-off weight: 7624 kg / 16808 lb
Empty weight: 5086 kg / 11213 lb
Wingspan: 18.69 m / 61 ft 4 in
Length: 14.22 m / 46 ft 8 in
Height: 4.57 m / 14 ft 12 in
Wing area: 50.03 sq.m / 538.52 sq ft
Max. speed: 447 km/h / 278 mph
Ceiling: 7925 m / 26000 ft
Range: 1738 km / 1080 miles
Martin 156
The Martin Model 156 was intended to be a successor aircraft to the M130 for Pan American Airways.
Lateral buoyancy was provided by seawings rather than conventional sponsons or outboard floats. Interior furnishings provided for either a maximum of 46 passengers or a more luxurious arrangement allowing for night sleeping for a reduced number of passengers. Four 1,000-hp nine-cylinder radial engines were mounted in nacelles on the leading edge of the center section.
Only one was built and it was sold to the Russians in 1937. The sale included a complete set of production drawings as the Russians intended to mass produce the aircraft. WWII and invading Germans ruined their plans. The single type was used by the Russians for troop movements during the war. It is distinguishable from the M130 by the twin tails structure.
Engines four 1,000-hp Wright Cyclones
Gross wt. 63,000 lb
Empty wt. 30,414 lb
Top speed 190 mph
Cruise 156 mph
Takeoff 70 mph
Range 2,410 miles
Ceiling 15,500 ft
Seats 46.
Martin B-10 Article
Back to Martin B-10
Martin 139 / B-10 / 146 / B-12 / 166 / B-14
The Martin Model 139 was a twin-engined mid-wing monoplane bomber developed from the experimental Model 123 of 1932. Introduced in 1934, Glenn Martin‘s B 10, the first American bomber with 200 plus mph speeds, revolutionized bomber development with retractable landing gear, cowled engines, all metal cantilever monoplane configuration, enclosed cockpit, internal bomb-bay and movable gun turrets.
During 1934 48 Model 139 were delivered to the USAAC. Fifteen were fitted with 503kW Wright R-1820 Cyclone engines as YB-10 and 33 with 577.5kW Pratt & Whitney R-1690 Hornet engines as YB-12 and B-12A, a number of which were later converted into twin-float seaplanes for coastal patrol duties.
Development of the Model 139 led to numerous improvements being made, including the installation of 551.4kW SGR- 1820-G3 Cyclone engines, a Sperry automatic pilot and the addition of wing flaps, constant-speed propellers, de-icers and numerous structural and maintenance refinements. During 1935 and 1936 103 of the improved aircraft (B-10B) were delivered to the USAAC.
The 1935 Martin 146 was an enlarged B-10 with two Wright R-1820 engines. With a widened fuselage, it was the first large airplane to use Fowler flaps. One was built for Wright Field testing, NX15550, plus exports as the B-10B. Licensed production in 1936 to Fokker Netherlands was never implemented and was replaced by an order for Model 139WH to use in the East Indies.
On 1 July 1936 the bomber was released for export and was subsequently ordered by six foreign governments, the Netherlands East Indies alone receiving 120 Model 139W and Model 166 with 670.7kW Cyclone engines. The Model 166 aircraft introduced improved aerodynamics and performance characteristics and featured a continuous cockpit enclosure instead of the previous separate enclosures.
In 1973 a B-10 was located in Argentina and obtained by the USAF. At Kelly Air Force Base, Texas, members of the 96th Maintenance Squadron were rebuilding it for display in the Air Force Museum.
Model 139 / YB-10
Engines: 2 x 503kW Wright R-1820 Cyclone
Model 139 / YB-12 / B-12A
Engines: 2 x 577.5kW Pratt & Whitney R-1690 Hornet
Model 139 / B-10B
Engines: 2 x 551.4kW Wright SGR-1820-33 Cyclone
Propellers: constant-speed
Top speed: 343 km/h / 212 mph
Take-off weight: 7439 kg / 16400 lb
Empty weight: 4391 kg / 9681 lb
Wingspan: 21.49 m / 70 ft 6 in
Length: 13.64 m / 44 ft 9 in
Height: 4.70 m / 15 ft 5 in
Wing area: 62.99 sq.m / 678.02 sq ft
Ceiling: 7375 m / 24200 ft
Range w/max.fuel: 2000 km / 1243 miles
Armament: 3 x 7.62mm machine-guns, 1000kg of bombs
Crew: 3
Model 139W
Engines: 2 x 670.7kW Cyclone
Model 146
Engines: 2 x Wright R-1820
Wingspan: 75’0″
Length: 50’0″
Useful load: 5057 lb
Max speed: 234 mph
Cruise speed: 170 mph
Range: 1237 mi
Model 166
Engines: 2 x 670.7kW Cyclone
