Hansa-Brandenburg W.33 / Kjeller FF.8 Make

W.33

Ordered in April 1918, the W.33 was basically a larger and more powerful development of the W.29 and, augmenting the smaller fighter seaplane, saw service from North Sea air stations during the closing months of World War I.

The W.33 was powered by a 260hp Mb IVa six-cylinder inline water-cooled engine and armament normally comprised two forward-firing 7.62mm LMG 08/15 machine guns and one Parabellum in the rear cockpit. One aircraft was experimentally fitted with a 20mm Becker cannon in the rear cockpit, and several aircraft were fitted with radio and had one of the LMGs removed.

At least six of an initial order of 26 W.33s had been taken into the German Navy’s inventory when hostilities terminated, but the Norwegian Naval Flying Boat Factory built 30 under licence and the Norwegian Army Aircraft Factory built a further 11.

Kjeller Aircraft Factory license built Hansa-Brandenburg W.33 as the F.F.8 Måke (Seagull).

I.V.L. A22

The Finnish Aviation Force’s Aircraft Factory assembled two W.33s as pattern aircraft in 1922, and licence-manufactured a further 120 during 1923-26. Two were sold to Latvia. Finnish manufactured planes were powered by 300 hp Fiat A-12bis motors.

I.V.L. A.22 Hansa

Gallery

W.33
Engine: 1 x 183kW Maybach Mb.IV
Wingspan: 15.85 m (52 ft)
Length: 11.10 m (36 ft 5 in)
Height: 3.37 m / 11 ft 1 in
Wing area: 44.0 sq.m / 473.61 sq ft
Max take off weight: 2050 kg (4510 lb)
Empty weight: 1420 kg / 3131 lb
Maxi¬mum speed: 173 km/h (107 mph)
Ceiling: 5000 m / 16400 ft
Armament: 2-3 x 7.92mm machine guns
Crew: 2

Hansa-Brandenburg W.29

Evolved from the W.12 two-seat patrol fighter biplane in parallel with the W.27, the W.29 was essentially a monoplane derivative powered, in prototype form, by the 195hp Benz Bz IIIbo eight-cylinder Vee engine. The span and chord of the monoplane wing approximated in area to the biplane wings of the W.12, and the wing itself was a two-spar wooden structure with fabric skinning. The 150hp Benz Bz III six-cylinder inline water-cooled engine was standardised for the production model of the W.29, which began operations with the German Navy in April 1918. Over 150 W.29s are known to have been delivered to that service in two basic versions, one equipped with radio and fitted with a single synchronised 7.92mm LMG 08/15 machine gun plus a Parabellum on a flexible mount in the rear cockpit, and the other having two forward-firing LMGs and lacking radio equipment. The W.29, operating from Zeebrugge, Borkum and Norderney, achieved considerable operational success during the closing stages of World War I. In 1921, licence production of the W.29 was initiated by the Danish naval dockyard, 15 being built and these continuing in Danish Navy service until 1931.

W.29
Engine: 1 x 112kW Benz Bz III
Span: 13.50 m (44 ft 3.5 in)
Length: 9.35 m (30 ft 8.5 in)
Wing area: 32.2 sq.m / 346.60 sq ft
Max take-off weight: 1494 kg / 3294 lb
Empty weight: 1000 kg / 2205 lb
Maximum speed: 176 km/h (109 mph)
Crew: 2
Armament: 2-3 x 7.92mm machine guns

Hansa-Brandenburg W.27 / W.32

W.27

Early in 1918, it was suggested to Ernst Heinkel that a successor to the W.12 two-seat fighter would soon be required if the German Navy was to maintain its superiority over Allied types being encountered over the North Sea. To conserve valuable time, Heinkel installed the new 195hp Benz Bz IIIbo eight-cylinder Vee engine in a modified W.12 airframe and a 160hp Mercedes D IIIa in a second W.12. Wing span and gap were reduced, stagger was increased to improve visibility, and aerofoil- section I-type interplane struts were adopted. Armament comprised two synchronised 7.92mm LMG 08/15 machine guns and one 7.92mm Parabellum on a flexible mount in the rear cockpit. The Benz-engined prototype received the designation W.27 while that powered by the Mercedes engine became the W.32, but both were found inferior to the W.29 monoplane and no further development was undertaken.

W.32

W 27
Max take-off weight: 1619 kg / 3569 lb
Empty weight: 1109 kg / 2445 lb
Wingspan: 11.20 m / 37 ft 9 in
Length: 9.23 m / 30 ft 3 in
Height: 3.06 m / 10 ft 0 in
Wing area: 36.06 sq.m / 388.15 sq ft
Max. speed: 170 km/h / 106 mph

Hansa-Brandenburg W.25

The last of the Heinkel-designed single-seat fighter float seaplanes built by the Hansa- und Brandenburgische Flugzeug-Werke, the W.25, produced as a single prototype late in 1917, was the final development of the KDW. Reverting to the 150hp Benz Bz III engine used by the prototype and pre-production KDWs, the W.25 possessed an essentially similar fuselage, but discarded the “star” interplane strut arrangement in favour of normal strut bracing. Initially the prototype flew with ailerons on the upper wing only, but these were subsequently added to the lower wing, each pair being joined at the wingtip.by link struts. Armament comprised two synchronised 7.92mm LMG 08/15 machine guns. Having by this time lost interest in single-seat fighter floatplanes, the German Navy did not foster further development of the W.25.

Max take-off weight: 1182 kg / 2606 lb
Empty weight: 918 kg / 2024 lb
Wingspan: 10.40 m / 34 ft 1 in
Length: 8.80 m / 29 ft 10 in
Height: 3.45 m / 11 ft 4 in
Wing area: 36.53 sq.m / 393.21 sq ft
Max. speed: 160 km/h / 99 mph

Hansa-Brandenburg W.19

An enlarged W.12 developed to meet a demand for a two-seat fighter seaplane with greater endurance, the W.19 was first committed to operations in January 1918. Appreciably larger than the W.12, the W.19 was of similar construction with fabric-covered wings and plywood- covered fuselage and floats, and was powered by a 260hp Maybach Mb IVa six-cylinder water-cooled engine. The substantial increase in span necessitated the adoption of a two-bay arrangement, and, apart from the three prototypes, all W.19s carried an armament of two 7.92mm LMG 08/15 synchronised machine guns and a single Parabellum of similar calibre on a flexible mount in the rear cockpit. One W.19 was experimentally fitted with a 20mm Becker cannon for trials. A total of 53 production W.19s was completed (one being retained for static tests).

W.19
Crew: 2
Engine: 1 x 260hp Maybach Mb.IV
Max take-off weight: 2005 kg / 4420 lb
Empty weight: 1435 kg / 3164 lb
Wingspan: 13.80 m / 45 ft 3 in
Length: 10.65 m / 35 ft 11 in
Height: 4.10 m / 13 ft 5 in
Wing area: 57.80 sq.m / 622.15 sq ft
Max. speed: 151 km/h / 94 mph
Cruise speed: 143 km/h / 89 mph
Ceiling: 5000 m / 16400 ft
Rate of climb: 156 m/min / 500 ft/min
Armament: 2 x 7.92

Hansa-Brandenburg W.18

The W.18 single-seat fighter flying boat was, like the CC that it supplanted, intended primarily for the Austro- Hungarian Navy. The prototype was flown early in 1917 with a 150hp Benz Bz III six-cylinder water-cooled engine, and production with a 200hp Hiero engine was undertaken on behalf of the Austro-Hungarian Navy, a total of 47 being delivered between September 1917 and May 1918. Armament normally comprised two fixed forward-firing 8mm Schwarzlose machine guns, and the W.18 was employed for both station defence and fighter patrol tasks. One Benz-engined example was delivered to the German Navy in December 1917.

Max take-off weight: 1145 kg / 2524 lb
Empty weight: 875 kg / 1929 lb
Wingspan: 10.70 m / 35 ft 1 in
Length: 8.15 m / 27 ft 9 in
Height: 3.45 m / 11 ft 4 in
Wing area: 34.38 sq.m / 370.06 sq ft
Max. speed: 170 km/h / 106 mph

Hansa-Brandenburg W.17 / A 49

A single-seat fighter flying boat developed for the Austro- Hungarian Navy, the prototype of the W.17 (also designated A 49/I) was a biplane with a cantilever lower wing and was tested at Pola in July 1917. K.u.k. Linienschiffsleutnant Gottfried Banfield, responsible for the evaluation of the W.17, felt that the cantilever lower wing was unsuited for marine use and that the flying boat possessed inadequate manoeuvrability. Armament of the W.17 comprised two 8mm Schwarzlose machine guns and the initial aircraft was allegedly lost when the upper wing broke away in flight. A second aircraft (the A 49/II) was completed as an equispan triplane with interplane bracing struts. This is believed to have been submitted to the Austro-Hungarian Navy for evaluation in July 1917.

Hansa-Brandenburg W.16

Intended primarily as a successor to the KDW in the station defence fighter role, but also to investigate the potentialities of the application of rotary engines to seaplanes, the W.16 was designed by Ernst Heinkel in 1916, and was a conventional twin-float single-seat fighter floatplane of wood and fabric construction with ply-skinned fuselage and floats. Like Heinkel’s earlier “star strutter” fighters, the W.16 lacked bracing wires, these being rendered unnecessary by single struts extending from the base of the inclined Vee-type interplane struts to the top of the forward fuselage mainframe. Power was provided by a 160hp Oberursel U III rotary engine and armament comprised two synchronised LMG 08/15 machine guns. Three prototypes were ordered, the first of these being tested in February 1917, and the third example was sent to Adlershof for static tests. No further development was undertaken as the German Navy had lost interest in single-seat fighter floatplanes.

Max take-off weight: 896 kg / 1975 lb
Empty weight: 636 kg / 1402 lb
Wingspan: 9.25 m / 30 ft 4 in
Length: 7.35 m / 24 ft 1 in
Height: 2.92 m / 10 ft 7 in
Wing area: 21.35 sq.m / 229.81 sq ft
Max. speed: 170 km/h / 106 mph

Hansa-Brandenburg W.12

Designed and built in late 1916, the Branden¬burg W.12, first of several highly successful floatplane fighters evolved by Ernst Heinkel, had its prototype completed and flown for the first time in January 1917 with a 160hp Mercedes D III six-cylinder water-cooled engine.

Hansa-Brandenburg W.12 Article

A single-bay twin-float two-seat fighter biplane, of wooden construction with plywood fuselage skinning, the W12 was produced for the German Navy with both the 160hp Mercedes D IIIa engine and the 150hp Benz Bz III. Its first operations were conducted from the seaplane station at Zeebrugge.

Standard armament comprised one forward-firing synchronised 7.92mm LMG 08/15 machine gun and a Parabellum of similar calibre on a flexible mount in the rear cockpit, but of the 146 W.12s that had been built when production terminated in June 1918. One batch of 30 Benz-engined fighters had been delivered with a forward-firing armament of two LMGs.

The W.12 remained in first line service until the Armistice.

W.12
Engine: 1 x 160hp Mercedes D.III or 150 hp Benz Bz.III
Max take-off weight: 1454 kg / 3206 lb
Empty weight: 997 kg / 2198 lb
Wingspan: 11.20 m
Length: 9.60 m
Height: 3.30 m / 11 ft 10 in
Wing area: 36.20 sq.m / 389.65 sq ft
Max. speed: 161 km/h / 100 mph
Cruise speed: 146 km/h / 91 mph
Ceiling: 5000 m / 16400 ft
Armament: 3 x 7.92mm
Crew: 2

Hansa-Brandenburg W.11

A heavier and more powerful derivative of the KDW, the 1917 W.11 single-seat twin-float fighter biplane was powered by a 220hp Benz Bz IVa water-cooled engine and retained the “star” interplane bracing arrangement of its predecessor. Armament consisted of two synchronised LMG 08/15 machine guns, and two prototypes were completed during February-March 1917. No series production was undertaken.

Max take-off weight: 1233 kg / 2718 lb
Empty weight: 935 kg / 2061 lb
Wingspan: 10.10 m / 33 ft 2 in
Length: 8.10 m / 27 ft 7 in
Height: 3.32 m / 11 ft 11 in
Wing area: 31.42 sq.m / 338.20 sq ft
Max. speed: 176 km/h / 109 mph
Range: 350 km / 217 miles