Vinot et Deguinand

France
Long established as a manufacturer of motor cars of Courbevoie, northwest of Paris, started his aviation activities by building the first glider of Archdeacon. Vinot turned to the construction of aircraft after First World War, carrying out subcontract work for the French government. The company constructed the Pescara helicopter.

Villiers

France
Founded late 1924 at Meudon. Products included Type 2 AMC2 fighter, and two prototypes of Type 4 HBA2 twinfloat biplane for armed reconnaissance; Type 24 night-fighters for Aeronautique Maritime; last design was Type 26 twin-float cabin monoplane. Company closed down in 1930; factory taken over following year by Potez.

Villard 1913 helicopter

In 1913 Henry Villard, who had previously performed some direct lift experiments in France, carried out various trials in a balloon hangar near Brussels with an aircraft which he had designed. It was a lifting device 2.7 metres in diameter, driven directly by a 100hp type 1912 Anzani engine. The device weighed 400 kilos, and during its tests the rear wheels left the ground.