Fulmar was one of the first manufacturers in Europe to motorise a hang glider, their Fulmar I, of 183 sq.ft (17.0 sq.m) area, using a Soarmaster American supplied engine, as the Fulmar 1B.
To help Fukunaga establish a flying school of his own, ltoh released the Emi 2 Aeroplane to him and took it to Osaka. Using numerous fields in trying to find a suitable place for his flying school, the aeroplane was frequently damaged and repaired. Eventually Fukunaga settled on the dry river bed of Tenryu River in Kakezuka-cho, Iwata-gun, Shizuoka Prefecture, near his family’s place of origin, where he established in November 1919 what was at first the Fukunaga Aeroplane Research Studio. Because of the many repairs and modifications, his aeroplane was so unlike the original Emi 2 Aeroplane that he renamed it the Tenryu 3 Aeroplane, a name he applied in retrospect to the two previous aircraft and continued to use, numerically sequenced, to those that followed.
The Tenryu 3 was used to provide flying training for his younger brothers, Shiro and Goro, followed by other students who were merely allowed to taxi the aeroplane since the 1911 Gregoire Gyp engine was all but worn out and difficult to adjust.
Fuji heavy industries and Rockwell International joined forces to manufacture a seven passenger pressurized twin that will be called in the US the Rockwell Commander 700. But in order to compete directly in the American marketplace, Fuji needed a dealership organization that could both sell and service the airplane. Rockwell’s problem was their Aero Commander basic design of 30 years had run out of growth potential. The resulting agreement: Fuji builds the airframe, wings and tail assembly in Japan, then ships them to Rockwell’s Oklahoma plant, where they are assembled and fitted with engines, landing gear, interiors and other American-made components, which make up approximately 80 percent of the complete airplane. The design is certificated in both countries; Fuji will market the airplane in Australia and Asia, while Rockwell, through its dealer network, will sell the Commander 700 in America and Europe. The first of five flying prototypes of the Fuji FA 300/Rockwell Commander 700 made its maiden flight at Utsonomiya on 13 November 1975 and the first flight in the U.S. was in late February 1976. Three air¬planes were involved in U.S. certification, and two in a companion pro¬gram in Japan. The Rockwell Commander 700 was certified by Japan in 1975. It features two 340 hp turbocharged Lycomings. First deliveries of the 700 were scheduled for February 1977. The 700 is a pressurized piston twin powered by two Lycoming TIO 540s that put out 340 horsepower at 2,500 rpm and have a TBO of 1,800 hours; they’re geared and turbocharged and are much the same engines Piper uses in the Navajo Chieftain. Their cooling is updraft, with air exiting out the upper rear of each nacelle through a single mo¬tor driven cowl flap that opens inward. Each wing carries 624 pounds of fuel in a single tank that supplies gas directly to its respective engine. The remainder of the fuel system is comprised of two shutoff valves, a single cross flow valve for emergency situations and two boost pumps. Pressurization was 5.5 psi, for a 5,000 foot cabin at 20,000 feet. The cabin is large 360 cubic feet including 53 cubic feet for baggage in the pressurized area. On the first flight, a cruising speed of about 200 knots was attained at 10,000 feet. Preliminary figures indicate a top speed of 240 knots at 20,000 feet. Total fuel capacity will be 190 gallons, for an en¬durance of about five hours. The airframes will be fabricated in Japan and shipped to Rockwell’s Bethany, Oklahoma plant. Engines, systems, accessories, avionics and interiors will be installed there as the airplane is assembled. Eighty percent of the total aircraft will be of U.S. manufacture. Development of the airplane started in the mid 1960s, with Rockwell entering the picture in the early 1970s. The specifications were refined, discussed and negotiated, and an agreement as to the final design for the 700 was reached in June 1974. The airfoil section was designed by Fuji and combines with an efficient flap system to produce a relatively low stalling speed in spite of a relatively high wing loading. The 700 has 200 square feet of wing area and the projected gross weight is 6,800 pounds. An extensive wind tunnel program was conducted on the design. Engine cooling drag has been minimized, and extensive use of metal bonding has resulted in smooth surfaces.
Rockwell and Fuji Jet Industries terminated their agreement on the Commander 700 in December 1979.
Aerostar Aircraft Corp acquired the design and production rights to Aero Commander.
Rockwell Commander 700 Engines: Lycoming TIO 540 R2AD, 340 hp at sea level. TBO: 1,800 hrs. Props: three blade, constant speed, 81 in diameter. Length: 38 ft. 2 in. Height: 13 ft. 4 in. Wingspan: 42 ft. 5in. Wing area: 200 sq.ft. Wing loading: 33.8 lb/sq.ft. Power loading: 9.9 lb/hp. Seats: 6. Empty weight: 4,740 lbs. Useful load: 2,010 lbs. Payload with full fuel: 762 lbs. Gross weight: 6,750 lbs. Usable fuel capacity: 208 USG/1,248 lbs. Maximum landing weight: 6,600 lbs. Maximum rate of climb: 1,633 fpm. Single engine rate of climb: 273 fpm. Single engine climb gradient at 101 kts. (Vyse): 256 ft/nm. Service ceiling: 32,000 ft. Certificated ceiling: 25,000 ft. Single engine service ceiling: 12,000 ft. Maximum speed: 221 kts. Max cruise, 75 % power at 24,000 ft: 218 kts. Econ cruise, 65 % power at 16,000 ft: 190 kts. Duration at max cruise: 5.9 hrs. Duration at econ cruise: 6.8 hrs. Stalling speed, clean: 85 kts. Stalling speed, full flaps: 67 kts. Pressurization differential: 5.5 psi. 10,000 ft. cabin at: 26,000 ft. Max SL cabin alt: 12,500 feet.
Fuji Heavy Industries builds a two seat aerobatic light trainer, the FA 200 Aero Subaru, of which over 250 have been sold in Japan and in Europe. Expensive to produce because of its heavy reliance on handwork and imported hardware, and rather homely in appearance, the Fuji has not been as great a success, but it has not been a failure.
FA-200-160
The FA-200-160 is a basic version with a Lycoming O-320-D2A engine and certified as a two-seater (aerobatic category) and three-seater (utility) or four-seater.
The FA-200-180 was a developed version certificated as a two-seater (aerobatic category) and four-seater (utility and normal categories).
The FA-203S was an experimental STOL verion with leading-edge slats and full-span trailing-edge flaperons. Only one was built.
FA-200-180 Engine: Lycoming IO-380-B1B, 180 hp Wingspan: 30 ft 11 in / 9.42 m Length: 26 ft 2.25 in / 7.98 m Empty weight: 1433 lb / 650 kg MTOW NormCat, 4 seat: 2535 lb / 1150 kg Max cruise 75% 5000 ft/1535m: 110 kt / 127 mph / 204 kph ROC SL: 760 fpm / 232 m/min Service ceiling: 13,700 ft / 4175 m Range max fuel: 534 nm / 615 mi / 970 km Seats: 4 Baggage capacity: 44 lb / 25 kg (shelf), 176 lb / 80 kg (compartment) Cabin length: 5 ft 8.5 in / 1.74 m Cabin width: 3 ft 4.5 in / 1.03 m
The Fuji LM-1 Nikko is a four-seat liaison aircraft adapted from the design of the Beech T-34 Mentor which was built under licence by Fuji for the Japanese Self-Defense Force.
Flown for the first time on 6 June 1955, the LM-1 employs the wing, undercarriage and tail assembly of the Mentor, and a new centre fuselage.
Engine: 225 hp Continental O-470-13 Wing span: 32 ft 9.5 in Wing area: 177.6 sq.ft Length: 25 ft 11 in Height: 9 ft 7 in Empty weight: 2234 lb Loaded weight: 3375 lb Max speed: 185 mph Cruise: 157 mph Service ceiling: 17,399 ft
The original LM/KM series aircraft were four-seat developments of the Beech T-34A Mentor, the first flying in 1955, and large numbers were delivered to the JMSDF and JGSDF for liaison and training. A tandem two-seat derivative of the Beech T-34 with a Lycoming IGSO-480-AIA6 piston engine entered production in the mid¬1970s as the KM-2B for the JMSDF, and later as the T-3 for the JASDF. Fuji in Japan flew the prototype (JA3725) of the KM-2B two-seat primary trainer on 26 September 1974; this development of the earlier KM-2 combined the airframe and powerplant of that aircraft with the tandem-seat cockpit arrangement of the Beech T-34A Mentor.
Ten KM-2 were ordered for the JMSDF, for delivery by February 1963. Further contracts were to follow, to replace the 45 North American SNJs (Harvards) then in naval service. The prototype KM-2 received its certificate of airworthiness February 1961.
T-5
Fuji has tested a company owned four-seat KM-2 utility aircraft with an Allison 250-B17 turboprop, under the designation KM-2D.
The first KM-2D, flown on 28 June 1984, was a straight conversion of a company-owned piston KM-2 retaining the original four-seat cabin structure.
The JMSDF considered re-engining its fleet of tandem-seat KM-2B trainers, but has now elected to purchase new-build KM¬2Kais, with the first funded in 1986/87. These will be turboprop powered, and will retain the tandem seating of the KM-2B. Deliveries are scheduled for 1988, to begin replacement of the oldest KM-2Bs.
The Japanese Maritime Self-Defence Force took delivery of the definitive turbo-prop powered KM-2D prototype (first flown on 27 April 1988) in August 1988 which was to be tested by the service until March 1989. This prototype, a conversion of a MSDF KM-2B, embodied extensive cabin redesign.
KM 2 Engine: Lycoming IGSO-480 A1A6, 340 hp. Max speed: 227 mph (365 kph) at 16,400ft (5000 m) Cruise, 183 mph (295 kph) Initial climb, 1,560 fpm (7.92 m/sec) Service ceiling, 29,200ft (8900 m) Range, 765 mls (1235 km). Empty weight, 2387 lb (1083 kg) Loaded weight, 3,296 lb (1495 kg). Span, 32 ft 9.75 in (10 m) Length, 26 ft 0.75 in (7.95 m) Wing area, 177.6 sq.ft (16.49 sq.m).
The Valentino Fry Esprit VFII has flaps on rear fuselage, both sides, mechanically actuated. The Al 6061 landing gear has hydraulically actuated brakes, with 500×5 Celeveland units.
The VF-II SC is the supercharged version of the VF-II. It is equipped with a LOM Praha M-332 AK Engine and a MTV 175-7 3 blade propeller.
Esprit VFII Engine: Rolls-Royce O-200A Wing Span: 6.090 m Length: 5.600 m Height @ Cockpit: 1.200 m Height @ Tail: 1.750 m Wing Area: 6.056 sq.m Elevator Area: 0.79 sq.m Empty Weight: 358 kg MTOW: 490 kg Wing Load: 81 kg/sq.m Fuel capacity: 65 lt AVAGAS 100 LL Propeller: MTV-1F / 170-08 VF II (Mühlbauer) Electrical Constant Speed Propeller Prop Diameter: 1700mm Top level speed @ 500ft MSL: 185 kt Design speed vd: 230 kt Never exceed speed vne: 206 kt Manouver speed va: 133 kt Stall speed, power off vso: 54 kt Best rate of climb speed vy: 74 kt Practical climb speed: 100 kt Best rate of climb: 1800 ft/min max. positive load: 6g max negative load: 3g
Esprit VFII SC Engine: LOM Praha M-332 AK Propeller: MTV 175-7 (Mühlbauer) Constant Speed Propeller (electrical) 3 blade Prop Diameter: 1750mm Wing Span: 6.090 m Length: 6.000 m Height @ Cockpit: 1.200 m Height @ Tail: 1.750 m Wing Area: 6.056 sq.m Elevator Area: 0.79 sq.m Empty Weight: 365 kg MTOW: 490 kg Wing Load: 81 kg/sq.m Fuel 65 lt, 78-98 oct Automotive Max speed: 205 kt (IAS) Max speed @ 7000 ft: 195 kts (TAS) Max speed @ 12000 ft: 210 kts (TAS) Design speed vd: 230 kt Manouver speed va: 133 kt Stall speed, power off vso: 54 kt Best rate of climb speed vy: 74 kt Practical climb speed: 100 kt Best rate of climb: 2700 ft/min max. positive load: 6g max negative load: 3g