In 1986 Joseph Haig built a Junkers J8 replica in the U.S. This replica was based on a Snow S2A (s/n 1019, built in 1959). The replica was registered as N4976C in 1993 and was used on U.S. Airshows until 2005.
The replica was sold to T.Fissell Flying Service in Clarksville Texas.
Engine: Continental W670
After the 1931, Hafner went to England where he designed and flew, with some success, his A.R.III gyroplane, a jump start autogyro. Raoul Hafner flew this first combined cyclic-and-collective control system on an autogiro with articulated blades in 1935. Although this machine was not capable of hovering, it marks a milestone in helicopter tecnnology.
Built in 1930 at Vienna, Austria, was a second variant of the R.I, powered by a single Salmson 9 Adr radial piston engine. A single seat experimental helicopter, the initial tests in Vienna proved little more successful than those with the R.I and in 1932 the team with the R.II moved to Heston Airport in Middlesex. The R.II was under-powered to do more than just hover inches of the ground, and eventually went into storage.
The Austrian Bruno Nagler began work in the rotory-wing field in 1929 when, with Raoul Hafner, he built his RI Revoplane at Aspern Airport, near Vienna. This was a single seat machine with a rotor driven by a 45 hp engine and had a vertical torque-balancing surface acting in the rotor downwash. This machine, and also similar RII machine of 1932, was successfully tested in Great Britain.
In 1934, Nagler brought out his Heliogyro which had a 90hp Pobjoy radial air-cooled engine, a two-blade rotor and a pusher propeller. The engine could drive the rotor for hovering, when torque was balanced by a vertical surface, or the propeller could be driven for forward flight leaving the rotor to generate lift by autorotation. This single-seat aircraft was tested in Great Britain in 1937.
F.F.9 Kaje was the last in a series of own constructions in wood and canvas at Hærens Flyvemaskinfabrik at Kjeller. Designed and built by the Norwegian Army Air Service’s aircraft manufacturer Haerens Flyfabik, work on the FF9 Kaje trainer aircraft started in 1921. The aircraft body was designed in Norway, designed by Einar Sem-Jacobsen while the wing was licensed by German construction (Göttingen profile). The wings were made of wood paneling fabric covered.
The prototype was ready for test flight in November 1921.
The aircraft replaced older school aircraft and became a robust and reliable machine with good flight characteristics. Until June 1924, the designation was for the aircraft type F.F.9, when it was decided that the aircraft should be referred to as “Kaje”.
It was built in three series: the Kaje I of which ten were built in 1921 and 1922, the Kaje II of which four were built in 1925 and five Kaje III in 1926. The models differed slightly in wing profile, wingspan and rudder surfaces, based on experience with the previous model.
Although primarily used as a training plane and for reconnaissance, the aircraft could also carry arms and was tested with radio equipment.
The aircraft was in use with the Norwegian Army Air Service from 1922 to 1935. A preserved example is at the Norwegian Aviation Museum in Bodø.
Variants:
Kaje I
Ten built.
Kaje II
Four built.
Kaje III
Engine: 1 × Marabini 6-cyl, 89 kW (120 hp) (license built Mercedes D.II)
Length: 8.4 m (27 ft 7 in)
Wingspan: 9.5 m (31 ft 2 in)
Height: 3.23 m
Max weight: 1060 kg
Maximum speed: 132 km/h (82 mph; 71 kn)
Range: 375 km (233 mi; 202 nmi)
Service ceiling: 3,200 m (10,500 ft)
Crew: two
Five built.
Kaje III
Engine: 1 × Marabini 6-cyl, 89 kW (120 hp) (license built Mercedes D.II)
Wing span: 10.37 m
Length: 8.10 m
Height: 3.30 m
Max T O weight: 1080 kg
Maximum speed: 135 km / h
Acquisition from Spain of five 150hp Hispano-Suiza eight-cylinder Vee-type engines prompted the Norwegian Army Flying-Service (Haerens Flyvevaesen) to order the design of a single-seat fighter around this power plant.
Design was begun by Ing Hellesen at the Kjeller Flyfabrikk in the autumn of 1919, by which time the requirement had changed to that of a two-seat fighter-reconnaissance aircraft. Of wooden construction with a plywood monocoque fuselage and designated FF 6 by the factory and T.2 by the Army, the prototype was flown in 1921.
It immediately displayed unacceptable characteristics which were exacerbated by the fact that the Hispano-Suiza engine was found to develop only 103hp. A max speed of only 100km/h was attained compared with an anticipated maximum of 132km/h. Further development was therefore abandoned after the first test flight.
Engine: 150 hp Hispano-Suiza 8
Wingspan: 11.75 m / 39 ft 7 in
Length: 7.25 m / 24 ft 9 in
Height: 3.57 m / 12 ft 9 in
The Hærens Flyvemaskinfabrikk Aircraft FF.4 was an improved version of earlier series of 1920 Farman developments. Five were planned, but the prototype proved a failure.
The 1913 Hærens Flyvemaskinfabrikk F.F.1 Longhorn (or Langhorn) was a Maurice Farman MF.7 Longhorn copy.
Einar Sem-Jacobsen drew from memory after a Farman factory visit.
It was the first Norwegian aircraft, undertaking a trial run on 22 May 1913.
In 1860 Belgian Etienne Lenoir patented a gas engine fuelled by coal gas. Paul Haenlein employed a four-cylinder Lenoir engine producing 5 hp in his airship at Brunn in 1872.
The airship’s varnished silk envelope was filled with coal gas, which supplied the engine at a rate of 250 cu.ft of gas per hour, turning a large propeller at 40 rpm. Internal pressure was maintained by a ballonet supplied with air rom a mechanical pump, fitted to compnsate for the coal gas burned in flight. During the first trial at Brunn in December 1872, perceptible control and a degree of acceleration were evident, with the craft achieving 11 mph.
Despite the initial success of this and further trials, the early Lenoir engines suffered from a poor power-to-weight ratio and low power. Haenlein eventually abandoned his work, frustrated by the lack of suitable engine.
Envelope capacity: 72,000 ft
Length: 150 ft
Diameter: 30 ft
Height: 44 ft
Gross lift: 2.1 ton
Disposable load: 0.30 ton
Engine: 1 x Lenoir 4 cyl gass, 5 hp
Speed: 11 mph
Range: 10 mi
Crew: 1
