Hungarian engineer Oscar von Asboth, Director of the Austro-Hungarian State Propeller Factory, designed and tested four different helicopters. He worked alongside von Karman, and in particular was responsible for the development work on the rotors for the Petroczy-von Karman helicopter, and between 1928 and 1931, now working in Budapest, von Asboth tested various contra-rotating co-axial two-bladed rotors only 4.35m in diameter. Stability was achieved in the helicopters by the the air which the rotors directed on to six mobile surfaces round the horizontal hinges. These six ‘deflectors’ were operated by the pilot, using traditional aircraft controls. The fourth model, known as AH 4, had, instead of a Le Rhone 110hp rotary, a Clerget 130hp engine, which drove not only the rotors but also a tractor propeller. This rotorcraft in flying condition weighed 410kg, and could climb at a rate of 2m/s. By mid-1930 the aircraft reportedly attained an altitude of 30m and covered 3.2km at about 19km/h. About 1930 two missions, one British, the other French, went to Budapest to von Asboth. An expert in the British mission named Liptrot climbed to a height of 31m, and flew for a distance of 2800m. Von Asboth then completed his research particularly into his rotor system, the blades of which contained a movable part extending from the hub to the middle, and a fixed part from the middle to the tip of the blade. He then went to England, where the Blackburn Company became his licensee.
Richard Nobles design team aimed for an aircraft that was inexpensive to fly and buy; have two seats; should have an all-metal airframe; and be available as either factory assembled or as a simply assembled kit. The engine, custom-designed by Mike Hewland, is an inverted, inline three cylinder, 77 hp, water-cooled engine weighs in at 120 lbs with a 14 lb radiator located under the fuselage behind the cabin. It featured electronic ignition. The aircraft has been approved to United States FAR Part 23 requirements. The engine burns a two stroke mixture on a 40-1 ratio although testing has provided satisfactory performance throughout a range of 20-1 to 95-1. Fuel burn is around three gallons an hour, either an avgas or mogas mix with oil. The prototype, G OARV, made its first flight on 1lth March 1985 and was followed into the air by the second aircraft on 12th November. The fourth (004) was delivered in kit form to L.Wensley of Lincoln. The Super 2 was later developed into the Swedish, certificated, Opus 280 by ASL Hagfors. The Super 2 later became the Island Aircraft ARV-1 Super 2, then the Aviation Scotland ARV-1 Super2. Highlander Aircraft Corp offered Highlander two-seat monoplane in kit form circa 1997.
Back of an original sales brochure showing G-POOL – courtesy Martin Southwell
ASL Hagfors Aero AB of Sweden marketed a certificated version of the ARV Super 2 Highlander, as the Opus 280.
ARV Super 2 Engine: Hewland AE75, 77 hp Length: 18.045 ft / 5.5 m Height: 7.546 ft / 2.3 m Wingspan: 28.543 ft / 8.7 m Wing area: 92.57 sq.ft / 8.6 sq.m Max take off weight: 1102.5 lb / 500.0 kg Weight empty: 674.7 lb / 306.0 kg Max. weight carried: 427.8 lb / 194.0 kg Max. speed: 103 kt / 190 km/h Landing speed: 48 kt / 88 km/h Cruising speed: 86 kt / 160 km/h Initial climb rate: 590.55 ft/min / 3.00 m/s Service ceiling: 13123 ft / 4000 m Wing load: 11.89 lb/sq.ft / 58.0 kg/sq.m Range: 367 nm / 680 km Crew: 2
Designed by Ingenieur-General Vernisse and M Badie, the VB 10 was an all-metal single-seat fighter powered by engines mounted in tandem fore and aft of the pilot’s cockpit and driving contra-rotating co-axial propellers. Thirty VG 10s were ordered off the drawing board in May 1940, and work continued under the Vichy government. The first prototype with two 860hp Hispano- Suiza 12Y31 12-cylinder liquid-cooled engines was flown on 7 July 1945. The second prototype with 1150hp HS 12Z12/13 engines and an armament of four 20mm Hispano-Suiza cannon and six 12.7mm Browning machine guns flew on 21 September 1946. A contract for 200 aircraft had been placed on 22 December 1945 (this later being cut back to 50 aircraft), and the first production VB 10 flew on 3 November 1947 with 1150hp HS 12Z Ars 15/16 engines and an armament of four 20mm cannon. Production was cancelled on 21 September 1948 after completion and testing of four series aircraft.
VB 10 Take-off weight: 8860 kg / 19533 lb Empty weight: 6230 kg / 13735 lb Wingspan: 15.49 m / 50 ft 10 in Length: 12.98 m / 42 ft 7 in Height: 5.20 m / 17 ft 1 in Wing area: 35.50 sq.m / 382.12 sq ft Max. speed: 700 km/h / 435 mph Range: 1700 km / 1056 miles
Designed by Maurice Delanne, the Arsenal-Delanne 10-C2 two-seat fighter was built by the Arsenal de l’Aeronautique. Of so-called Nenadovich biplane configuration, the tandem-mounted wings provided a continuous slot effect and offered a large C of G range. Of metal stressed-skin construction and powered by an 860hp Hispano-Suiza 12Ycrs 12-cylinder liquid-cooled engine, the Arsenal-Delanne 10-C2 prototype was virtually complete at Villacoublay when German forces occupied the factory in June 1940, work on the aircraft continued and the first flight test was made in October 1941. After completion of the initial test programme, the aircraft was ferried to Germany for further trials. The intended armament comprised an engine-mounted 20mm Hispano-Suiza cannon, two wing-mounted 7.5mm MAC 1934 machine guns and two further 7.5mm weapons on a flexible mounting.
Arsenal-Delanne 10-C2 Engine: 860hp Hispano-Suiza 12Ycrs 12-cylinder liquid-cooled Take-off weight: 2880 kg / 6349 lb Wingspan: 10.11 m / 33 ft 2 in Length: 7.33 m / 24 ft 1 in Height: 3.06 m / 10 ft 0 in Wing area: 22.5 sq.m / 242.19 sq ft Max. speed: 550 km/h / 342 mph
The VG.90 naval prototype was developed from the VG.70 as part of a single-seat shipboard interceptor and strike fighter development programme in competition with the Aerocentre NC 1080 and the Nord 2200. Designed by Vernisse and Galtier, the first two VG.90 prototypes were built of wood, and the first of these made its maiden flight on 27 September 1949 and the second in June 1951: both aircraft were lost in accidends. Powered by a 2268kg Rolls-Royce Nene turbojet, the VG 90 had an all-metal fuselage, and the wing and tail surfaces were metal structures with plywood skinning. Planned armament comprised three 30mm Hispano-Suiza cannon and provision was made for underwing ordnance loads, such as two 500kg bombs. The second prototype had provision for two 20mm cannon, two 7.7mm machine guns and 36 RAC 50 rockets internally, plus 16 T10 or 80 RAC 50 rockets on wing racks. A third all-metal prototype, which was to be powered by a 4000kg SNECMA Atar 101F turbojet, never flew and was abandoned. Full performance trials were not completed and the following data are manufacturer’s estimates for the VG 90 with a 2850kg version of the Hispano-Suiza-built Nene.
Take-off weight: 8090 kg / 17835 lb Empty weight: 5100 kg / 11244 lb Wingspan: 12.60 m / 41 ft 4 in Length: 13.44 m / 44 ft 1 in Height: 3.55 m / 11 ft 8 in Wing area: 30.7 sq.m / 330.45 sq ft Max. speed: 920 km/h / 572 mph Range: 1550 km / 963 miles