Latécoère Late 23

The Late 23 was an enlarged version of the Late 21 (conv. from Laté 21bis F-AIHP 73/2) for 4-6 pax, powered by Farman engines and spanning 28.00m. With accommodation for eight passengers, it had a maximum take-off weight of 7503kg, but the sole prototype broke up on take-off on 31 December 1927, killing its crew of four.

Engines: 2 x 500hp Farman 12We
Max take-off weight: 7503 kg / 16541 lb
Empty weight: 4627 kg / 10201 lb
Wingspan: 28.00 m / 91 ft 10 in
Length: 16.60 m / 54 ft 6 in
Height: 4.80 m / 15 ft 9 in
Wing area: 123.00 sq.m / 1323.96 sq ft
Max. speed: 178 km/h / 111 mph
Cruise speed: 152 km/h / 94 mph
Ceiling: 3800 m / 12450 ft
Range: 1200 km / 746 miles

Latécoère Late 21

The first flying-boat produced by Latecoere was the Late 21, built for Aéropostale for its Marseille-Algiers postal and passenger routes. The prototype, first flown in 1926, had a parasol wing with lower stub wings which acted as stabilising sponsons. Two 313kW Gnome-Rhone Jupiter 9Ab radials were mounted in tandem on the wing, and the single-step hull terminated in a large single fin and rudder. Open side-by-side pilots’ cockpits were located in line with the wing leading edge and there was cabin accommodation for seven passengers. Successful tests with the Late 21 led to the construction in 1927 of five slightly modified Late 21bis and a single Late 21ter, with Farman 12We engines. The Late 21 bis spanned 22.00m, had a maximum take-off weight of 5730kg and possessed a maximum speed of 172km/h.
The Late 23 was an enlarged version of the Late 21, powered by Farman engines and spanning 28.00m.

Variants:
Laté 21 – 1926 parasol monoplane flying boat, 2 x push-pull 420 hp GR Jupiter 9Ab, 21 m span

Laté 21: prototype N°1/72 F-ESDH, conv. into Laté 21bis F-AIHN

Laté 21bis: production model, different hull length, fins shortened
1 x Laté 21 conv., plus F-AIIE, ‘FH, ‘HN, ‘HP (conv. to Laté 23), ‘HQ

Laté 21ter: 2 x 500 hp Farman 12We W12 engines
F-AIKL N°1/76 ,1927 to Aéropostale, discarded Oct 1931

Engine: 2 x Gnome-Rhone Jupiter 9Ab , 420hp
Max take-off weight: 5730 kg / 12633 lb
Empty weight: 3530 kg / 7782 lb
Wingspan: 22.00 m / 72 ft 2 in
Length: 17.95 m / 58 ft 11 in
Height: 4.85 m / 15 ft 11 in
Wing area: 88.00 sq.m / 947.22 sq ft
Max. speed: 172 km/h / 107 mph
Cruise speed: 144 km/h / 89 mph
Ceiling: 3600 m / 11800 ft
Range:
800 km / 497 miles
Crew: 3
Passengers: 5-7

Latécoère Late 8

In 1922 the Late 8 prototype was flown. A six-passenger biplane with a single 300 hp / 224kW Renault 12Fe engine, the Late 8 transport was based on the Breguet 14, with a rear cockpit and of steel-tube fuselage construction.

It is believed that the Late 8 was used on Lignes Aeriennes Latecoere’s France-Spain-Moroccan services.

Engine: 223kW Renault
Max take-off weight: 2270 kg / 5005 lb
Empty weight: 1500 kg / 3307 lb
Wingspan: 12.60 m / 41 ft 4 in
Length: 8.60 m / 28 ft 3 in
Height: 3.40 m / 11 ft 2 in
Wing area: 46.25 sq.m / 497.83 sq ft
Max. speed: 160 km/h / 99 mph
Cruise speed: 122 km/h / 76 mph
Ceiling: 3500 m / 11500 ft
Range: 500 km / 311 miles
Passengers: 6

Latécoère Late 6 / LAT.6 / Laté 6 Jupiter

1921 saw the test flight of the Late 6 (or LAT.6), an advanced bomber escort fighter in the multiplace de combat category.

Initially flown with 4 x 260 hp Salmson Z9s in push-pull pairs, later, as the Laté 6 Jupiter, flew with 4 x 400 hp Bristol Jupiters.

An all-metal sesquiplane with considerable sweepback, it failed to gain a production contract and the Laté 6 was abandoned due to the high cost of all-metal geodesic construction.

Engine: 4 x 400hp Bristol Jupiter / 4 x 194kW Salmson Z-9
Max take-off weight: 7050 kg / 15543 lb
Empty weight: 5000 kg / 11023 lb
Wingspan: 27.70 m / 90 ft 11 in
Length: 15.74 m / 51 ft 8 in
Wing area: 124.00 sq.m / 1334.72 sq ft
Max. speed: 215 km/h / 134 mph
Cruise speed: 166 km/h / 103 mph
Ceiling: 6000 m / 19700 ft
Crew: 4-5
Armament: 3 x 7.7mm machine-guns, 2000kg of bombs

Latécoère Late 5

The Laté 4 was unstable and on 14 October 1922 the aircraft was caught by a gust and crashed. At this point the civil aircraft was abandoned. In early 1921 a decision had already been made to submit the second Latécoère 4 as a four-man bomber (to BPR 3 spec); it became the Latécoère 5 powered by three 375 hp / 280kW Lorraine 12Da W12 engines.

The Late 5 was unsuccessful.

Engine: 3 x 370hp / 280kW Lorraine 12Da
Max take-off weight: 8400 kg / 18519 lb
Empty weight: 5230 kg / 11530 lb
Wingspan: 26.80 m / 87 ft 11 in
Length: 18.10 m / 59 ft 5 in
Height: 4.12 m / 13 ft 6 in
Wing area: 195.00 sq.m / 2098.96 sq ft
Max. speed: 160 km/h / 99 mph
Cruise speed: 122 km/h / 76 mph
Ceiling: 4000 m / 13100 ft
Range: 700 km / 435 miles
Crew: 2
Passengers: 24

Latécoère Late 4

Designed by Marcel Moine and P.G.Latécoère, the Latécoère 4 (referred to in the initial contract as the Latécoère IV) was the company’s first multi-engined aircraft, the result of a decision that passenger aircraft needed to be designed form scratch rather than modified from military machines. It was a three-engined, two bay biplane with accommodation for 16 passengers. Its wings had neither stagger nor sweep, but had an unusually large interplane gap. The lower wing, which carried dihedral was fixed to the lower fuselage with a thick wing root, but the upper one was high above the fuselage at its centre, supported by pairs of N form cabane struts. The interplane struts were streamlined and broad in chord, made from duralumin; there was a pair of these struts marking the inner bay but a single strut outboard. The wings, made of wood and fabric covered were of constant chord over most of the span, but final sections where the leading edges swept back produced triangular tips. There were balanced ailerons on both upper and lower planes.

The fuselage in contrast was made of metal. The central Salmson water-cooled radial was mounted in the nose with rectangular radiators mounted on the fuselage forward of and just above the lower wing. The outer engines were also fuselage mounted, each having pairs of struts to the upper fuselage longeron and to the lower ones via the wing roots. Thus they were positioned a little above the lower wing, near to the centre of the inner bay in neatly faired nacelles with circular radiators at the front. The underlying fuselage structure was rectangular in cross-section aft of the leading edge, but faired at its sides and top into a rounder shape. It was deepest between the wings and gave the aircraft a somewhat short, fat look. The pilot sat just forward of the wings, high up and well above the central motor line, with a god view. Below and forward of him were positions for a radio operator and an engineer. The passenger cabin, entered via a port side door had tables, armchairs and sliding windows for thirteen, with another three places accessed forward via a 500 mm wide corridor.

The tail unit was quite complicated with a biplane arrangement of tailplanes and elevators. One of the tailplanes could be adjusted in incidence in flight to trim the aircraft. There was a central fin and rudder rising above the upper tailplane, which had a cut-out to allow the rudder to move, and there were two outboard vertical surfaces, again moving in cut-outs, to assist stability. These latter could be turned in flight to offset asymmetric engine-out forces. The undercarriage was narrow track, with pairs of mainwheels on both sides mounted vertically to the wing and cross braced, with a tailwheel at the rear.

The first flight was made in May 1920, when the aircraft was powered by three identical Salmson 9 Z engines of about 255 hp (190 kW), piloted by Pierre Beauté. The Laté 4 proved hard to control and it crashed on landing at Francazal, injuring its crew. It was rebuilt, though without its passenger cabin windows. It also gained a two-row Salmson 18 Z central engine of double the power of the 9 Zs retained outboard. The central engine drove a four-bladed wooden propeller and the outer pair two-bladed ones. The open cockpit was turned into an enclosed cabin with a corridor aft. It appeared in this form at the Salon d’Aéronautique in December 1921, but did not fly again until some major changes had been made. These included the replacement of the single outboard interplane struts by double ones, an exchange of the rectangular central engine radiators for tubular Lamblin ones and the addition of a substantial additional pair of wheels placed vertically below the engine bulkhead to prevent nose-overs. All engines now drove four-bladed propellers. In this form the Laté 4 flew, piloted by Gronin on 6 September 1922. The aircraft was still unstable and unready to try the intended Toulouse-Casablanca route. On 14 October the aircraft was caught by a gust and crashed, seriously injuring Gronin and his engineer Franck. At this point the civil aircraft was abandoned. In early 1921 a decision had already been made to submit the second Latécoère 4 as a bomber; it became the Latécoère 5.

Initial specifications
Engine: 3 × Salmson 9 Z, 190 kW / 255 hp
Wingspan: 24.65 m (80 ft 10½ in)
Length: 14.54 m (47 ft 8 in)
Height: 6.25 m (20 ft 6 in)
Wing area: 158 sq.m
Empty weight: 3,615 kg (7,970 lb)
Gross weight: 8,340 kg (18,387 lb)
Maximum speed: 200 km/h (125 mph)
Range: 1,100 km (688 miles)
Crew: 3
Passengers: 15

Engine: 1 x 550hp Salmson 18CM + 2 x 260hp Salmson 9Z
Max take-off weight: 8340 kg / 18387 lb
Empty weight: 3615 kg / 7970 lb
Wingspan: 24.80 m / 81 ft 4 in
Length: 14.80 m / 48 ft 7 in
Height: 6.25 m / 20 ft 6 in
Wing area: 158.00 sq.m / 1700.70 sq ft
Max. speed: 180 km/h / 112 mph
Cruise speed: 148 km/h / 92 mph
Range: 1100 km / 684 miles
Crew: 2
Passengers: 10

Latécoère Late 3

In 1919 there appeared the Late 3 biplane postal aircraft, shown at the 1919 Paris Salon.
A revised Salmsom 2 by Marcel Moine, with redesigned shorter metal fuselage.
One was built for Aéropostale, went to Ligne France Espagne Maroc.

Engine: 1 x Salmson 8Z, 260hp
Max take-off weight: 1670 kg / 3682 lb
Empty weight: 930 kg / 2050 lb
Wingspan: 12.85 m / 42 ft 2 in
Length: 8.25 m / 27 ft 1 in
Height: 3.40 m / 11 ft 2 in
Wing area: 46.25 sq.m / 497.83 sq ft
Max. speed: 170 km/h / 106 mph
Cruise speed: 159 km/h / 99 mph
Range: 600 km / 373 miles
Crew: 2