The Shenyang FC-31 Gyrfalcon (also referred to as the J-35 in its naval variant) represents China’s second stealth fighter program and its first carrier-capable fifth-generation aircraft.
The FC-31 features a conventional twin-engine layout with canted vertical stabilisers similar to the F-22.
The aircraft incorporates internal weapons bays to preserve stealth characteristics and uses advanced composite materials to reduce weight and radar signature.
Powered by Russian-designed RD-93 derivatives (the Chinese WS-13 engines), production variants are expected to receive the more powerful WS-19 engines currently under development. These will enable the FC-31 to reach speeds of Mach 1.8 (2,205 km/h) and achieve supercruise capability.
With an estimated unit cost of $70 million, the FC-31/J-35 represents China’s strategic push to modernise its naval air arm. Initial operational capability on China’s newest carriers is expected by 2026, potentially altering the balance of power in the Western Pacific.
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